Discourse Analysis 1
The study of language beyond the sentence, in text and conversation
What is Discourse Analysis?
The ties and connections between words that exist within texts
What is cohesion?
a group with certain features in common
What is a category?
Socially acquired knowledge
What is culture?
Type of noun that can be used in English with a/an and the plural (e.g. a cup, two cups), in contrast to non-countable
What is a countable noun?
The individual connections between words and phrases in a text
What are cohesive ties?
The connections that readers and listeners create in their minds to arrive at a meaningful interpretation of texts
What is coherence?
The one expressed as a single word, in contrast to non-lexicalized
What is a lexicalized category?
Words used to refer to people who are members of the same family that indicate their relationship with other members
What are kinship terms?
Type of noun that is not used in English with a/an or the plural (e.g. *a furniture, *two furnitures), in contrast to countable
What is a non-countable noun?
in conversation, the end of a turn, usually marked by a pause at the end of a phrase or sentence
What is a completion point?
In conversation, the unit of talk by one speaker, ended by the beginning of the next speaker’s unit of talk
What is a turn?
The idea that we can only think in the categories provided by our language, in contrast to linguistic relativity
What is linguistic determinism?
The idea that, to some extent, we think about the world using categories provided by our language, in contrast to linguistic determinism
What is linguistic relativity?
An expression (often a saying) that seems simply to repeat an element with no apparent meaning (e.g. Boys will be boys. A sandwich is a sandwich)
What is tautology?
the way in which each speaker takes a turn in a conversation
What is a turn-taking?
the study of turn-taking in conversation
What is conversation analysis?
the general idea that differences in language structure cause people to view the world differently, from the names of two American linguists, Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf
What is Sapir–Whorf hypothesis?
the one not expressed as a single word, in contrast to lexicalized
What is a non-lexicalized category?
An additional meaning conveyed by a speaker adhering to the co-operative principle
What is implicature?
an underlying assumption of conversation that you will “make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged”
What is a co-operative principle?
A break in the flow of speech, using sounds such as em and er
What is a filled pause?
A category used in the organization of how we think
What is a cognitive category?
Grammatical markers that indicate the type or “class” of a noun
What are classifiers?
A conventional knowledge structure in memory for specific things, such as a supermarket (food is displayed on shelves, arranged in aisles, etc.)
What is schema?
One of four assumptions in conversation connected to the co-operative principle
What is maxim?
A word or phrase used to indicate that you are not really sure that what you are saying is sufficiently correct or complete
What is hedge?
a category in which group members are defined by social connections
What is social Category?
A word or phrase for the person being talked or written to
What is address term?
A conventional knowledge structure in memory for the series of actions involved in events such as “Going to the dentist”
What is script?