Independent --groups of participants that are formed by random assignment
correlated groups of participants that are formed by nonrandom assignment to groups
100
What is a factorial design
an experiment that gives us the power we need to devise an investigation of several factors in a single experiment
100
What is multiple group design?
compares three or more levels or amounts of an IV.
100
what does your data show and what label may you hear if you have a factorial design?
Factorial ANOVA
100
what is an interaction
when two variables interact their joint effect may not be obvious or predictable from examining their separate effects.
200
What is a Matched set and provide an example
participants are matched on a variable that will affect their performance on the DV. Then sets of participants are created who are essentially the same on the matching variable.
200
why is a factorial design the lifeblood of experimental psychology?
they allow us to look at combinations of IVs at the same time and few, if any, situations in which your behavior is affected by only a single factor at a time.
200
How do you create a multiple group design from a two group design?
by adding another level or more levels to your IV and that way you can further explore the answers to your questions
200
Two types of participant group assignments are?
completely randomized, independent, completely between sub, completely between groups, totally between subjects, totally between groups.
200
What does it mean when you have a significant interaction?
that the effects of the various IVs are not straight forward and simple...we ignore the IV main effects.
300
What is Mixed assignment and when could you or would you use it? also what is it known as?
when your experiment contains both independent groups and correlated groups. this would be used in multiple group designs when each of which only has one IV.
mixed groups--used in factorial designs
300
What is each factor? and what number should you stick with?
IV and two or three
300
what are your first two considerations when choosing a multiple group design?
your experimental question
independent or correlated groups
300
What is matching in factorial designs
the same as in all experiments it is when you pair participants based on certain factors instead of relying on random assignement
300
what doe non significant interaction lines show on a graph
parallel lines.
400
What is difficult about using matched pairs or matched sets and why?
Matching can take place in pairs or sets given the design. the more levels an IV has, the more work matching for that variable takes. Moreover, the more precise the match must be which can make it difficult to match your participants to create your groups.
400
The simplest factorial design is a 2x2 design. what does this mean?
we are dealing with a design that has two factors because there are two digits given and each of the two factors have two levels because the number is two...though the levels are not as important.
400
name two control issues you may come use with multiple group correlated designs and why
matching, repeated measures, natural pairs...to reduce error variability and assure equality of the groups
400
Designs that use matching or repeated meausres may be called...
randomized block, completely/totally within sub or within group
400
In a two way ANOVA what is marginal significance?
a statistical result with a probability of chance between 5% and 10% which is almost significant but not quite. this is what researchers often refer to as the p level p=.05
500
What is repeated measures and why may this be difficult to use when considering multiple IVs?
what are all of these assignment variations used for overall?
participants take part in every possible treatment combination, which in itself makes it difficult to truly obtain a measurement of your IVs.
all of these participant assignment variations are used to control for extraneous variables and so that your experiment is sound and your results will less likely occur to chance.
500
What are the factors labeled as? and what is a main effect and interaction?
Factor A then Factor B..
main effect is the sole effect of one of the IV in a factorial design
interaction is the joint simultaneous effect on the DV of more than one IV...which means all of your IVs had an impact on your DV whatever you measured
500
what are multiple group designs measured with and when there is one IV what is it measured with? and what is the statistical comparison made between group means after finding a significant F ratio (they are known as the follow up tests)
ANOVA Analysis of Variance
one way ANOVA
Post Hoc
500
Designs that use a mixture of between and within assignment may be referred to as...
mixed factorial or split plot factorial
500
why would you use a post hoc test?
to determine exactly where the significance of the IV occurred assuming that a significant main effect is not qualified by an interaction.