Process which copies a molecule of DNA to the ribosomes and uses it to make proteins
What is transcription?
100
Separating DNA fragments using gel electrophoresis in order to observe the distinct banding fragments that are unique to every individual
What is DNA fingerprinting
100
Due to breakage; a piece of chromosome is lost
What is a deletion?
100
Shape of DNA
What is a double helix?
200
The 4 bases contained in a nucleotide (DNA)
What is A, C, T, G (adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine) ?
200
A sequence of 3 nucleotides
What is a codon?
200
The use of gene science to create new products from plants and animals
What is genetic engineering?
200
Causes gamete to have too many or too few chromosomes
What is a nondisjunction?
200
Nitrogen base present in RNA but not in DNA
What is uracil?
300
The 3 components of a nucleotide
What is deoxyribose, phosphate, and nitrogen base
300
Picks up amino acids in the cytoplasm and carries them to the ribosomes where they are made into proteins
What is tRNA?
300
Can be used to make millions of copies of a specific region of a DNA fragment
What is PCR (polymerase chain reaction)?
300
Chromosome section breaks off, flips around, and is reattached
What is an inversion?
300
Credited with discovery of DNA structure
Who is Watson and Crick?
400
Double-ringed ( A, G)
What are purines?
400
Completed in 2003. Goal was to determine the sequence of approximately 3 billion nucleotides that make up human DNA and to identify all the 23,299 human genes
What is the Human Genome Project?
400
Disease that is the result a point mutation
What is sickle cell anemia?
400
Enzyme that unwinds DNA
What is DNA helicase?
500
Single-ringed ( U,T,C)
What are pyrimidines?
500
Site of protein assembly
What is a ribosome?
500
Cuts DNA strands into fragments
What are restriction enzymes?
500
The insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides
What is a frameshift mutation?
500
The type of RNA that carries the instructions from the DNA to the ribosomes