Definitions
degree to which a measure is an accurate representation of the construct we want to measure
Validity
theory
statements that describe general principles of relation
basic v applied research
basic- general knowledge
applied- specific/practical problem solving
conceptual v operational definition
conceptual describes behavior that makes up a construct
operational- how you measure ore manipulate variables in a study
threatening physical harm on a participant wishing to drop out of a study
coercion
research conducted to improve general knowledge
basic research
reliability
consistency, stability, or dependability of a measure.
theory v hypothesis
theory- general principles of understanding
hypothesis- prediction of outcomes in research
is the measure not related to other measures assessing constructs?
discriminant validity
e.g. Recalling the grammys and "knowing" beyonce was gonna lose all along
hindsight bias
providing participants with information about your study before they decide to participate
informed consent
face validity
is the measure actually assessing what its meant to
confirmation bias v confirmatory hypothesis testing
confirmation bias is only taking in info we already believe and the later has to do with only asking questions that confirm our hypothesis
an actor playing a deceptive role for a study
confederate
e.g. masterchef judges rate a contestant's dish based on Execution, Appearance and Taste, giving similar scores for each measure.
Inter-Rater Reliability
a descriptive statistic that describes the degree of relation between two variables
correlation coefficient
deception
withholding details of the study (omission or commision)
- confederates
- fake feedback
witholding
Anonymity v autonomy
anonymity has to do with confidentiality and autonomy is freedom from coercion
r= -0.89
strong negative correlation.
Teens scoring lower in assessments of self esteem are more likely to score low in self worth.
convergent validity
the belmont report
internal reliability/consistency
consistency across scale items
concurrent validity v predictive validity
concurrent - prediction of current variables
predictive- prediction of future outcomes
both criterion validity
equal difference between numbers that reflects equal differences on dimensions measured, includes true zero
ratio scale
A statistics test is administered and the students results on the test are correlated with their course lettergrade.
concurrent validity