chapter 3
What's the largest part of the brain?
Cerebrum which is in the forebrain
1.A nursing student is learning about the human limbic system. Which student statement demonstrates that teaching about the function of the limbic system has been effective?
A.“The limbic system helps stabilize emotional behavior.”
B.“The limbic system functions to assist with symbolic thinking.”
C.“The limbic system aids in analytical thinking.”
“The limbic system helps modulate motor coordination
A) “The limbic system helps stabilize emotional behavior.”
What 2 neurochemicals appears to be most active during non-REM sleep cycles?
Serotonin and norepinephrine
An interaction between two people in which input from both participants contributes to a climate of healing, growth promotion, or illness prevention...?
a) Therapeutic relationship
b) Rapport
c) Respect
a) Therapeutic relationship
A client threatens to kill himself, his wife, and their children if the wife follows through with divorce proceedings. During the preinteraction phase of the nurse-patient relationship, which interaction should the nurse employ?
A. Acknowledging the patient’s actions and encouraging alternative behaviors
B. Establishing rapport and developing treatment goals
C. Providing community resources on aggression management
D) Exploring personal thoughts and feelings that may adversely impact the provision of care
D) Exploring personal thoughts and feelings that may adversely impact the provision of care
list each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex.
Frontal lobes: Controls motor activities in the brain
Parietal lobes: Perception and interpretation of most sensory information (including touch, pain, taste, and body position)
Temporal lobes: Hearing, short-term memory, and sense of smell; expression of emotions through connection with limbic system
Occipital lobes: Visual reception and interpretation
A client is brought to the emergency department and diagnosed with a panic level of anxiety. What biological system domination would be responsible for this diagnosis?
A.Parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
B.Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
C.The cerebral cortex
D.The cerebellum
B) The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is dominant in stressful situations and prepares the body for “fight or flight.” In the situation presented, the patient is experiencing panic anxiety and therefore the sympathetic system dominates
The study of the relationship between the immune system, the nervous system, and psychological processes, such as thinking, and behavior is
A) Psychopharmacology
b) Psychoneuroimmunology
c)Genetic influences
D) Mental disorders
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
------indicates a border that determines the extent of acceptable limits.
A) A boundary
b) Genuineness
c) Trust
d) Rapport
a) boundary
Which statement by the nursing student indicates correct understanding of the Medulla Oblongata?
a.) It is associated with sleep
b.) It connects to the to the brainstem through bundles of fiber tracts
c.) It connects to the spinal cord and pons
d.) It is responsible for heart rate, respiration, and respiration
c.) It connects to the spinal cord and pons
d is correct partially, it is responsible for heart rate, respiration, and reflexes.... not respirations >:)
------------ are central to the therapeutic action of many psychotropic medications.
*Neurotransmitters
Many neurotransmitters exist in the central and peripheral nervous systems, but only a limited number have implications for psychiatry.
How many therapeutic phases are there, list and explain them
There are 4
1. Preinteraction phase:
◦Obtain information about the client from chart, significant others, or other health team members.
◦Examine one’s own feelings, fears, and anxieties about working with a particular client.
2. Orientation (introductory) phase:
◦Create an environment for trust and rapport
◦Establish contract for intervention
◦Gather assessment data
◦Identify client’s strengths and limitations
3. Working phase:
◦Maintain trust and rapport
◦Promote client’s insight and perception of reality
◦Problem-solve using the model
◦Overcome resistance behaviors
◦Continuously evaluate progress toward goal attainment
4. Termination phase:
◦Progress has been made toward attainment of the goals.
◦A plan of action for more adaptive coping with future stressful situations has been established.
Feelings about termination of the relationship are recognized and explored
Johari Window is divided into how many quadrants and list them
4:)
◦Open or public self
◦Unknowing self
◦Private self
Unknown self
What are the 4 types of boundaries
◦Material boundaries
◦Social boundaries
◦Personal boundaries
◦Professional boundaries
Which of the following parts of the brain is concerned with hearing, short-term memory, and sense of smell?
a) temporal lobes
b) parietal lobes
c) cerebellum
d) hypothalamus
d) Temporal lobes
What are the major categories of neurotransmitters?
Cholinergic: E.g., Acetylcholine
Monoamines: •Norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, histamine
Amino acids: •Inhibitory amino acids, excitatory amino acids
Neuropeptides: •Opioid peptides, substance P, somatostatin
What is it called when the patient unconsciously displaces to the nurse feelings formed toward a person from the past?
a) countertransference
b) Termination
c) Transference
c) Transference
List 3 nursing interventions to promote trust in an individual who is thinking concretely
◦Providing a blanket when the client is cold
◦Providing food when the client is hungry
◦Keeping promises
◦Being honest
◦Simply and clearly providing reasons
◦Providing a written, structured schedule of activities
◦Attending activities with the client if reluctant to go alone
◦Being consistent in adhering to unit guidelines
◦Listening to the client’s preferences, requests, and opinions and making collaborative decisions concerning his or her care
◦Ensuring confidentiality
-----refers to the nurse’s ability to be open, honest, and real in interactions with client
A) Expression
B) Genuineness
C) Trust
D) Feelings
B) Genuineness
What's responsible for integration of visual auditory, and writing reflexes
a) Mesencephalon
b) limbic system
c) hypothalamus
d) thalamus
a) Mesencephalon
* Limbic system: associated with feelings of fear and anxiety, and many other emotions
* Hypothalamus: regulates appetite, temperature, BP, thirst and circadian rhythms
*Thalamus: Integrates all sensory (except smell) on its way to the cortex
The study of the interaction between the nervous system and the endocrine system, and the effects of various hormones on cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning is ...?
a) Neuropeptides
b) Neuroendocrinology
c) Medulla
d) Psychobiology
b) Neuroendocrinology
-------refers to the nurse’s behavioral and emotional response to the patient.
a) Transference
b) Empathy
c) countertransference
d) Feelings
c) countertransference
What is Empathy?
is the ability to see beyond outward behavior and to understand the situation from the client’s point of view
Warning signs that professional boundaries of the nurse-patient relationship may be in jeopardy are... (Take your best guess;0)
◦Favoring one patient’s care over another’s
◦Keeping secrets with a client
◦Changing dress style when working with a particular client