Igneous Rocks
Classifying Igneous Rocks
Formation of Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
100
Igneous Rocks
What are formed from the crystallization of magma?
100
Felsic
What is light-colored, have high silica contents, and contain quartz and the feldspars orthoclase and plagioclase?
100
Sediments
What are pieces of solid material that have been deposited on Earth's surface?
100
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
What are formed from the abundant deposits of loose sediments found on Earth's surface?
100
Metamorphism
What causes a rock to change form while remaining solid?
200
Lava
What is magma that flows out onto Earth's surface?
200
Mafic
What are rocks such as gabbro are dark-colored, have lower silica contents, and are rich in iron and magnesium?
200
Weathering
What is a set of physical and chemical processes that break rock into smaller pieces?
200
Porosity
What is the percentage of open space between grains in a rock?
200
Regional Metamorphism
What is happens when high temperature and pressure affect large regions of Earth's crust?
300
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
What are fine- grained igneous rocks that cools quickly on Earth's surface?
300
Ultramafic rocks
What rock type has low silica contents and very high levels of iron and magnesium?
300
Deposition
What is it called when sediments are laid down on the ground or sink to the bottom of bodies of water?
300
Evaporites
What are the layers of chemical sedimentary rocks that form?
300
Contact Metamorphism
What metamorphism occurs when molten rocks come in contact with solid rocks?
400
Intrusive Igneous Rocks
What is Coarse- grained igneous rocks that cool slowly beneath Earth's surface?
400
Porphyritic
What is characterized by large, well-formed crystals surrounded by finer-grained crystals of the same mineral or different minerals?
400
Lithification
What is the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks?
400
Organic Sedimentary Rocks
What rocks are formed from the remains of once-living things?
400
Hydrothermal Matamorphism
What occurs when very hot water reacts with rock and alters its chemistry and mineralogy?
500
Bowen's Reaction Series
What illustrates the relationship between cooling magma and mineral formation?
500
Pegmatites
What are veins of extremely large-grained minerals?
500
Cementation
What occurs when mineral growth cements sediments grains together into solid rocks?
500
Medium-Grained Clastics
What rock contains sand-sized rock and mineral fragments?
500
Porphyroblasts
What are large crystals, which can range in size from a few millimeters to a few centimeters?
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