Time Linkers
Name 3 time linkers that can be used with the past simple.
After
As soon as
beforeOnce
Until
when
whenever
Name 3 ways or tenses we can use to talk about the future.
WILL
GOING TO
MODAL VERBS
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Give one example of reported speech.
Dan said that he had bought a new car.
Define countable noun.
A noun that has both a singular and a plural form.
How do we form the passive voice? Give an example.
Appropriate tense of TO BE + past participle of main verb
ex.: My salary is paid directly into my bank account.
As, When, While and Whilst can be used with which form of the past tense?
Past continuous
BE GOING can be used with the __________________________ to talk about intentions and plans formulated before the moment of speaking.
infinitive with TO
Transform this sentence into direct speech:
She said they lived in the city.
"We live in the city," she said.
In the singular form, a countable noun is always preceded by one of these three things.
1. an article (a, an, x)
2. a number
3. a determiner (each, some, etc.)
Complete the sentence:
We use the passive voice to focus attention on the person or thing ____________ by the action, rather than on the person or thing that __________ the action.
We use the passive voice to focus attention on the person or thing __affected__ by the action, rather than on the person or thing that __does__ the action.
The following time linkers can be used about the __________ of a situation to contrast with what happens later.
At first
At last
Finally
Eventually
At the end
beginning
Name 2 times when we can use the present simple to talk about the future.
To talk about scheduled events
To refer to the future after time linkers (after, as soon as, etc.)
In reported speech, we must often "backshift" verb tenses. Define the term "backshift" and give an example.
Moving the verb tenses back one tense.
"I'm waiting for Tina," he said. -> He said he was waiting for Tina.
How does an uncountable noun differ from a countable noun?
Give three examples of when the agent is non usually included in passive constructions.
2) When the agent is obvious from the context.
3) When the agent is people in general.
4) in official notices or advice to avoid using you.
5) when we want to avoid mentioning the agent.
The past perfect can be used to emphasize what?
That the first action finished before the second action began.
Give the form of the future perfect simple and provide an example.
will + have + past participle
I will have finished my homework by the end of the class period.
Name 3 things we must remember when reporting questions.
1. The word order in a reported question is the same as for a reported statement.
2. We do not use auxiliary verbs do, does, or did
3. We do not use question marks.
4. When we are reporting a yes/no question, we use if/whether
5. When we report a request we us the following pattern:
ask + object pronoun/noun + infinitive with to.
List 3 nouns that can be either countable or uncountable and give an example of one of these nouns in both forms.
1) Coffee
Would you like a coffee ?(C => a cup of coffee)
I don't drink coffee (UC => coffee in general)
2) Paper
The Sunday paper (C => a newspaper)
Can I have some paper please? (UC => paper to write or draw on).
3) Cake
I've made a cake (C => a whole cake)
Can I have some cake? (UC => a piece of cake)
The passive voice cannot be used with which type of verbs?
Intransitive verbs
ex. : Fall => The glass fell off the shelf (past simple)
X> The glass was fallen of the shelf (incorrect)
By the time or At the time is used for saying...
what had already happened before something else occurred.
Complete the grammar rule:
Modal verbs express_______________________
degrees of certainty when talking about intentions and predictions.
Name 5 verb patterns of reporting verbs.
1. verb + infinitive with to
2. verb + object pronoun/noun + infinitive with to
3. Suggest cannot be followed by an infinitive.
4. verb + gerund
5. verb + preposition + gerund
6. verb + object pronound/noun + preposition + gerund
7. verb + that clause
Sort these words and expressions into the following categories: 1) Before Countable nouns 2) Before uncountable nouns 3) before both countable and uncountable nouns.
-(very) few
-Much
-Too much
-(quite) a lot of
-plenty of
-every
-each
-more
-a large/small amount of
-most
-a little
1) (very) few; every; each
2) much; too much; a large/small amount of; a little
3) enough; more; most; plenty of; (quite) a lot of
Name the two ways in which we can use a passive construction with reporting verbs.
1) IT + Passive + that clause
It is said that fish is good for our brains.
2) Subject + passive + to + infinitive/continuous infinitive/perfect infinitive without TO.
Fish is said to be good for our brains.