Progressive era
In 1913, Progressive leaders proposed a reduction in tariffs. How did they plan to make up for the loss of these revenues by the federal government?
A. reducing federal expenditures
B. introducing a new federal income tax
C. requiring contributions by state goverments
D. having goverments ownership of the same industries, such as electricity
What is B. introducing a new federal income tax
The timeline below shows a sequence of events during the Progressive Era:
1890: Sherman Antitrust Act
1902: Antitrust lawsuit filed against Northern Securities Company
1904: Supreme Court affirms breakup of Northern Securities Company
1906: Antitrust lawsuit filed against Standard Oil Company
1911: Supreme Court orders breakup of Standard Oil Company
What was the primary goal of the government in these actions?
A. to break up all trusts since every trust tries to prevent competition
B. to break up trusts that adopt unfair or dishonest business practices
C. to increase the role of government in guaranteeing full employment
D. to make examples discouraging business owners from establishing trusts
to break up trusts that adopt unfair or dishonest business practices
1. Which of the following provides the best evidence in support of the view that Americans went to war with Spain in 1898 for humanitarian purposes?
A. Anti-imperialists feared colonies would eventually become a source of cheap labor.
B. Mark Twain said, “We do not intend to free but to subjugate the people of the Philippines.”
C. President Cleveland had previously refused to annex Hawaii when U.S. landowners had overthrown Queen Liliuokalani by force.
D. Congress passed the Teller Amendment promising that the United States would not annex Cuba, even if it won the war.
D. Congress passed the Teller Amendment, promising that the United States would not annex Cuba, even if it won the war.
2. Which group of adult males, ages 21 to 30, was NOT required to serve in the U.S. military during World War I?
A. African Americans
B. Conscientious objectors
C. People who opposed the war
D. American Indians with U.S. citizenship
B. Conscientious objectors
Which sentence best describes the impact of World war 1 on Florida?
A. Governor Sidney J. Catts lifted the states's prohibition of alcoholic drinks during wartime
B. Large number of Cubans moved to Florida to find work in America's wartime Industries
C. Military training centers were located in Florida, the state's farmers sold more crops, and a thousand Floridians gave their lives.
D. After fighting for democracy abroad, most Floridians became more willing to grant equal rights to African Americans at home
C. Military training centers were located in Florida, the state's farmers sold more crops, and a thousand Floridians gave their lives.
The information below identifies examples of the work of the muckrakers.
Upton Sinclair exposed the unhealthy practices of Chicago's meat-packing plants.
Ida Tarbell revealed the dishonest business tactics of Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company.
Jacob Riis wrote How the Other Half Lives, showing the conditions of the residents of New York City tenants.
A. Society changed in response to their promotion of Social Darwinism.
B. Voters agreed to let the owners of Big Business create more profitable monopolies.
C. Reports of these works in publications abroad led to a sudden decrease in immigration.
D. Public reaction to their reports led to their reports led to new laws addressing the abuses of industrialization.
What is D. Public reaction to their reports led to their reports led to new laws addressing the abuses of industrialization.
The excerpt below was published in 1904 by Ida Tarbell in her book The History of the Standard Oil Company.
“So long as Standard Oil can control transportation as it does today, it will remain master of the oil industry… the people will not realize that they are being exploited until the increase in prices and the monopolizing of natural resources and transportation are plain to all.”
Which action took place in response to these criticisms?
A. the federal government provided oil well and refineries
B. President Roosevelt took action to break up the Standard Oil Company
C. the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act was extended to all railroads
D. John D. Rockefeller sold all shares in the Standard Oil Company to the public
President Roosevelt took action to break up the Standard Oil Company
2. How did the Platt Amendment differ from the Teller Amendment?
A. The Platt Amendment promised that the United States would never intervene again in Cuba.
B. The Platt Amendment overturned the Teller Amendment by authorizing the United States to annex Cuba.
C. The Platt Amendment preserved Cuban independence but claimed the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.
D. The Platt Amendment promised that the United States would leave Cuba as soon as its independence from Spain was secured.
C. The Platt Amendment preserved Cuban independence but claimed the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.
9. Which sentence describes the experiences of African-American soldiers during World War I?
A. They were unable to engage in combat because of racial prejudice.
B. They successfully persuaded the government to desegregate the army.
C. They were segregated but many engaged in combat under French command.
D. They were treated as equals with ample opportunity for advancement through the ranks.
C. They were segregated but many engaged in combat under French command.
Why did the United States Senate fail to ratify the Treaty of Versailles in 1919?
A. Many Senators opposed the severe sanctions that the treaty placed on Germany
B. Many Senators feared the League of Nations would involve the United States in foreign wars.
C. Many Senators felt the League of Nations would interfere with American plans in the Philippines.
D. Many Senators predicted that membership in the new League of Nations would be too expensive
B. Many Senators feared the League of Nations would involve the United States in foreign wars.
This information on the left identifies some of the key reforms of the Progressive Era. Which characteristics was shared by all five reforms?
Initiative
Referendum
Recall
Direct Primary
Direct election of U.S. Senators
A. They were reforms of state government.
B. They gave citizens a greater voice in government.
C. They were aimed at reducing corruption in state government.
D. They successfully brought economic relief to urban working classes.
What is B. They gave citizens a greater voice in government.
The following act was passed by Congress in 1906:
“[The Secretary of Agriculture shall cause to be made by inspectors… an examination and inspection of all meat food products prepared for interstate or foreign commerce…]”
What type of activity does this article illustrate?
A. the prohibition of child labor in factories
B. the reduction of corruption in government
C. the government regulation of food and drug
D. the prevention of unfair business practices by monopolies
the government regulation of food and drug
3. Before 1898, most Americans had opposed imperialism. Why did imperialism suddenly become more popular in the United States by the end of the century?
A. Americans felt it was against the principles of democracy to rule over others.
B. Americans wanted to sell goods to new markets and buy raw materials for new industries.
C. Americans wanted to rule others because America had once been a British colony.
D. Americans feared imperialism would bring the United States into conflict with other powers.
B. Americans wanted to sell goods to new markets and buy raw materials for new industries.
15. The excerpt below is from Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes' opinion in Schenck v. United States (1919).
The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent.
Based on the excerpt, with which statement would Oliver Wendell Holmes have agreed?
A. Freedom of speech is not absolute.
B. Prayer in public schools is unconstitutional.
C. Immigration from other countries cannot be permitted during wartime.
D. Criticism of the policies of allied countries must be temporarily prohibited in wartime.
A. Freedom of speech is not absolute.
Which federal agency created posters, printed pamphlets and made news-reels to support America's war effort in 1917-1918?
A. Committee of Public Information
B. War Industries Board
C. Food Administration
D. War Labor Board
A. Committee of Public Information
The information below describes the position of a city manager.
In the city-manager form of municipal goverment, an elected city council hires a city manager. The city is an expert in public administration who runs city services.
What was a DISADVANTAGE of this new form of city government?
A. City government became more efficient than before.
B. The city manager was not directly responsible to the electorate.
C. Experts with special training in public administration ran the city.
D. The influernce of political machines on city government was reduced.
What is B. The city manager was not directly responsible to the electorate.
In 1902, Lincoln Steffens and Claude Wetmore published the article below in McClure’s Magazine.
“…About 1890, public franchises and privileges were sold, not only for money but for votes… Taking the business out of politics was impossible; and as long as men misused politics for gain, the city would suffer…”
Which type of activity does this article illustrate?
A. reporting by muckrakers
B. Social Gospel movement
C. government by city manager
D. operation of settlement houses
reporting by muckrakers
4. Why is the Spanish American War of 1898 often considered a major turning point in U.S. history?
A. It revealed that the United States had become a world power.
B. It marked the first American victory over a European power.
C. It demonstrated the need for better communications in wartime.
D. It showed American support for European economic interests in East Asia.
A. It revealed that the United States had become a world power.
18. Which best describes how American women reacted to American participation in World War I?
A. Some protested but most supported the war effort and many filled men's jobs
B. Because of a shortage of enlisted men, many women served in combat for the first time.
C. Women's continuing protests for women's suffrage dangerously impeded the war effort.
D. Large numbers of women were forced to move from their homes to meet wartime needs.
A. Some protested but most supported the war effort and many filled men's jobs
What caused African-American demographic patterns in the United States to shift during World War 1?
A. The closing of factories in the South
B. Effects of the Civil Rights movement
C. Greater job opportunities in Northern cities
D. the availability
C. Greater job opportunities in Northern cities
This photograph was taken by Lewis Hines in 1907 for The Survey, a manazine promoting the social reform.
My name is Luther Watson. I am 14 years old. My right arm was cut off by a veneering saw. I was using a board to [press on] the belt operating the saw. I lost my job in the factory because of the accident.
Which laws addressed concerns raised by the case of Luther Watson?
A. Sherman Antitrust Act and Clayton Antitrust Act
B. Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act
C. workers' compensation act and child labor laws
D. graduated income tax and Federal Reserve Act
What is C. workers' compensation act and child labor laws
Which woman reformer is correctly paired with her accomplishments?
A. Florence Kelley — helped to establish the American Red Cross
B. Carrie Chapman Catt — pushed for settlement house and social reform movements
C. Ida Tarbell — wrote articles exposing the Standard Oil Company in 1904, which led to its breakup
D. Nellie Bly — became a close friend of Susan B. Anthony and succeeded her as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association
Ida Tarbell — wrote articles exposing the Standard Oil Company in 1904, which led to its breakup
17. Which American city served as the main port of embarkation for the “Rough Riders” and other American forces sent to Cuba during the Spanish-American War?
A. New Orleans, Louisiana
B. Jacksonville, Florida
C. Galveston, Texas
D. Tampa, Florida
D. Tampa, Florida
Platt Amendment-
A law passed by the United States in 1901 that limited Cuba’s independence and gave the United States the right to intervene in Cuban affairs and to establish a naval base at Guantánamo Bay.
Which was NOT one of President Woodrow Wilson''s fourteen points?
A. Creation of an independent Poland
B. Lenient treatment of Central Powers
C. Creation of peace-keeping association of nations
D. Autonomous development for the peoples of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire
B. Lenient treatment of Central Powers