Energy Use
What do living organisms need energy for?
To perform essential functions like growth, reproduction, and maintaining homeostasis.
What is growth in living organisms?
An increase in size or number of cells.
The process by which organisms produce new individuals or offspring.
What is a stimulus?
A change in the environment that an organism responds to.
What is homeostasis?
The process by which an organism maintains a stable internal environment.
What is the process plants use to convert sunlight into energy?
Photosynthesis
What is the difference between growth and development?
Growth refers to an increase in size, while development refers to changes in structure and function as an organism matures.
Name two types of reproduction.
Sexual and asexual reproduction.
What is the process by which plants grow towards sunlight called?
Phototropism
What is an example of homeostasis in the human body?
Maintaining a constant body temperature.
What is the process animals use to break down food into energy?
Cellular respiration.
What is the process called when a caterpillar changes into a butterfly?
Metamorphosis.
What type of reproduction requires only one parent?
Asexual reproduction
Give an example of a reflex action in humans in response to a stimulus.
Pulling your hand away when touching something hot.
What is the term for the mechanism that reduces the intensity of a change to maintain homeostasis?
Negative feedback.
Which molecule stores energy for cell processes in living organisms?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
In what way do living organisms grow differently from non-living things like crystals?
Living organisms grow by adding cells, whereas crystals grow by accumulation of matter.
What is the main advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
It increases genetic diversity.
What do we call the movement of an organism in response to light?
Positive phototaxis (toward light) or negative phototaxis (away from light).
Which organ system is most responsible for maintaining homeostasis by controlling temperature, water levels, and energy levels?
The endocrine system
What is the term for organisms that produce their own food using sunlight or chemical energy?
Autotrophs.
What term describes the programmed process that leads to an organism's aging and eventual death?
Senescence.
What type of cell division is involved in sexual reproduction to create gametes?
Meiosis.
What is the term for an organism's ability to maintain stable internal conditions in response to external stimuli?
Homeostasis.
What is the role of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?
It regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and other homeostatic processes.