Variables and Constants
Hypotheses and Procedures
Experimental & Control Group
Characteristics of Life and Observations & Inferences
Graphing and Conclusions
100
These are variables that are kept the same throughout an experiment
What is a constant?
100
These three things must be included in a hypothesis.
What is Independent variable, dependent variable and reasoning?
100
The group that is exposed to the independent variable.
What is the experimental group?
100
This is something you can use your senses to measure.
What is an observation?
100
This variable goes on the y axis.
What is the dependent variable?
200
Brawny wants to make a better paper towel that can absorb more liquid than any other brands. Name the independent variable.
What is the brand/type of paper towel?
200
Write down a hypothesis for the following experiment: Kitchen sponges were tested for how well they were cleaned by microwaving, washing in the dishwasher and boiling in a pot of water. Number of bacteria colonies were measured after cleaning.
What is Answers will vary. If the kitchen sponge was cleaned by (insert method) then the number of bacteria colonies would be the (highest/lowest) because… (insert reasoning)
200
In the mythbusters video, the dung moving without the mouse would have been this experimental design piece.
What is the control group?
200
Which of the following is not a characteristic of life? - DNA - Growth - Breathes - Requires Energy - Responds to Stimuli
What is Breathes?
200
What is the most important aspect of a conclusion?
What is to summarize the data?
300
Houses are given new spray foam insulation. Heat loss is measured by infrared sensors before and after the new insulation is put in. Name the dependent variable.
What is heat loss?
300
Name three qualities of a good procedure.
(Only 3 necessary) - Equipment listed -Uses a numbered list -Organizes steps in small discrete directions in proper order. -Tell the reader when to measure, and how to measure using the metric system. -Explain how to keep the constants the same. -Repetition of certain steps included. (3 Trials!)
300
A group of people take a diet pill. After 3 months, they measure the amount of weight they lost. Name the missing element of this experiment.
What is the control group?
300
Turn this inference into an observation: The pea soup is a nasty puke green color.
Answers will vary: What is the pea soup is green?
300
This graph is good to show relationship trends between two variables.
What is a line graph?
400
Visual Clue, see powerpoint. What is the dependent variable?
What is Average High Temperatures?
400
If the sponge animal is in cold water, then the sponge will not expand at all. Name the missing element of this hypothesis.
What is reasoning?
400
A placebo is often given to the control group in Pharmaceutical Trials. The experimental group gets the actual medication. This is the purpose of the placebo.
What is to ensure that the act of taking any pill may make the patient feel like they are getting better? “The placebo effect”
400
All living things pass this on to their offspring.
What is DNA?
400
Visual Clue, see powerpoint. Why is this graph expressed as a bar graph?
What is they are comparing differences in salary and unemployment.
500
Name three constants for the following experiment: A pediatrician designs baby formula to help babies gain weight. To show his formula works, he compares the weights of babies that have been using the formula to the weights of babies not using that formula.
Answers may vary. Sample answers may include: Age of the baby, initial weight of the baby, How much formula each baby gets, time of day and frequency the baby eats.
500
Q400: What is reasoning? A500: This quality of a good procedure is missing from the following procedure: -Lay's Chips -Human 1. Get bag of chips 2. Open bag 3. Reach in bag and eat chip 4. Record how many chips you can eat 5. Eat only the bag of chips given 6. Repeat steps 2-4 3 times
What is how to keep the constants the same during the experiment?
500
Create a control group for the following scenario: Kitchen sponges were tested for how well they were cleaned by microwaving, washing in the dishwasher and boiling in a pot of water. Number of bacteria colonies were measured after cleaning.
What is sponges that has not been used or cleaned yet?
500
All living things use this in a process called metabolism.
What is energy?
500
See ppt, Visual Clue. Summarize the given data.
(Answers will vary, example below) The average weekly income was $797 in 2011. The degree that makes the most per week are professional degrees, those that make the least do not have a high school diploma.
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