Life Processes
What are the three states of Matter?
Liquid, Solid, and Gas
What are the two major cells type?
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
What are the four classes of large Biomolecules ?
Carbohydrates, proteins, Lipids/fats, and Nucleic acids
What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino acids
What are the two major types of reproduction?
Sexual and asexual reproduction.
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to make energy while aerobic reparation does not require oxygen to make energy.
Which organelle is responsible for the production and transportation of lipids and detoxification?
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
What are the two major types of Nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What are the two types of chemical reactions that enzymes perform?
Synthesis and digestive.
What makes a molecules inorganic?
It lacks or does not contain either a Hydrogen, a carbon, or both
list the cellular levels of organization in order from smallest to largest.
Liver, Carbon Dioxide, Endocrine system, Cardiac tissue, Hydrogen, rough endoplasmic reticulum, White blood cell, rabbit
Hydrogen, Carbon Dioxide, rough endoplasmic reticulum, White blood cell, Cardiac tissue, Liver, Endocrine system, rabbit
List the major difference between an animal and plant cell.
Planet cell have a cell wall, chloroplast, and plastids. Animal cells each have a centrosome and lysosomes
What are the major functions of carbohydrates?
Quick energy, storage, and structure.
How does enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
They reduce the activation energy!
What the name of area where the substrate binds onto the enzyme ?
The activation site.
What is the main difference between homeostasis and Metabolism?
Metabolism: combination of all chemical reactions in a cell (or organism).
Homeostasis: the regulatory process in which an organism regulates its internal environment.
List the membrane bound organelles that can be found in an animal cell.
Nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum (both the smooth and the rough endoplasmic reticulum), the Golgi apparatus, vacuoles, mitochondria, lysosomes.
what are the functions of lipids/fats?
high energy storage, integrated in cell membrane to prevent freezing, cushions organs, insulates body, create some hormones.
What would happen to the rate of enzyme activity if you increase the amount of enzymes?
It would increase how fast the reaction happens.
What are the 2 types of nucleotides?
Purines and pyrimidines.
What are the seven characteristics that all living organisms share or have in common?
Cellular Organization, It responds to stimuli, Metabolism, Grow and develop, Maintain homeostasis, Ability to reproduce, Has genetic information
Name the major differences between Eukaryotes and Prokayotes.
Eukaryotes have a nucleus while Prokayotes don't. Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles while Prokayotes don't. Prokayotes are unicellular while Eukaryotes can be unicellular or multicellular. Eukaryotes DNA is Linear while Prokayotes are circular. Prokayotes are much smaller than Eukaryotes.
What are the main functions of proteins?
Performs many functions such as:
1- transporting molecules
2- cell to cell communication
3- assisting in chemical reactions
4- provide a structure
What affects enzyme action/ performance?
Its shape, PH levels, and temperature.
What is Endosymbiosis?
Endosymbiosis: a theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler prokaryotes. it explains how the mitochondria became part of the eukaryote cell.