Canadian Acts and Bills
The Official Languages Act of 1969
What is the federal law established English and French as Canada’s two official languages.
Entrenched
What is locked into the Constitution with special legal protection, making a right or provision far harder for a future Parliament to repeal than ordinary legislation.
Section 1
The Reasonable Limits Clause
Legal Rights
What protects individuals when they come into contact with the criminal justice system – sets the rules for how the state can treat accused persons.
The Charter of Rights and Freedoms applies to all in Canada with the exception of what rights?
What is the Right to Vote and Run for Office and the Right to Enter and Leave Canada Freely
The Constitution Act of 1982
What is the document that patriated Canada’s constitution and entrenched the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as Part I.
Canadian Constitution
What are the documents that make up the highest levels of law in Canada like how elections work and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 33
What is Section 33 allows Parliament or a provincial legislature to declare that a law operates notwithstanding (despite) certain Charter rights.
What specifically protects the educational rights of official language minorities in each province.
Mutual Obligations
What are the rights exist in a framework of mutual obligation.
The same democratic system that protects individual rights depends on citizens actively participating in and sustaining it.
The British North America Act of 1867?
What is, the 1867 document that served as Canada’s constitution until 1982; remained legally an act of the British Parliament until patriation.
Propaganda
What is the deliberate spreading of information, ideas, or rumors—which can be true, half-true, or false—to influence public opinion and shape behavior
Section 25
Protects Indigenous rights that predate the Charter. Nothing in the Charter takes away any Aboriginal rights, including:
Mobility Rights
What are the rights that Canadian Citizens have so they can leave and enter Canada and can live and work in any province or territory in Canada
The Oakes Test 4 Questions
What are:
The Canadian Bill of Rights (1960)
What is the first federal law to outline individual rights and freedoms in Canada; ordinary legislation, not entrenched in the Constitution, and applying only to federal law.
Patriation
The process of transferring formal constitutional authority over Canada’s Constitution from Britain to Canada, completed in 1982.
Section 27
What is the Charter “shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with the preservation and enhancement of the multicultural heritage of Canadians.”
Democratic Rights
The Night of the Long Knives
What is the critical term used in Quebec to describe the November 1981 constitutional negotiations that took place without Quebec’s premier present.
Canadian Multiculturalism Policy of 1971
What is the federal policy formally recognizing Canada as a multicultural, rather than strictly bicultural, country; one of the first such policies adopted by any country in the world.
Royal Commission
An independent body of inquiry tasked with investigating an issue in depth and recommending a path forward before legislation is drafted.
Section 15
Prohibits discrimination by government; has been used to challenge laws that treat people differently on prohibited grounds
Equality Rights
What prohibits discrimination by government; has been used to challenge laws that treat people differently on prohibited grounds.
Responsibilities of Citizens
Pay taxes, vote, obey the law etc