Chapter 11
What kind of placement setting in schools supports inclusion?
Least restrictive environment (LRE)
What is the term for one's ability to generate novel solutions to problems; a trait characterized by flexibility, ingenuity, and originality.
Creativity
What is the fourth stage of psychosocial development in Erikson’s theory?
Industry vs Inferiority
Which area of the brain matures first and which area matures later?
Limbic System (fear, emotional impulses)
Prefrontal Cortex (logic and reasoning)
What encourages rapid shifts of attention, multitasking without reflection, visual learning instead of invisible analysis?
Technology usage
What are common characteristics of someone who has ADHD?
Inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity
What is Piaget's Concrete Operational term used to understand number sequencing?
Serration
What is one of the most critical aspects of the development of one's self concept?
Self Esteem
Puberty hormones begin to increase around what age?
Ages 8 and 14, visible signs of puberty appear a year later.
In the Reject Film what is the phrased used to reduce instances of bullying early on in schools?
"You can't say you can't play"
Learning disorders include which of the following (Table 11.1)
IQ, learning disabilities, speech disorders, physical disabilities, and social emotional disorders
Sensory- split second to allow it to be processed
Working- conscious mental activity occurs
Long Term- stored indefinitely
What aspect of parenting can cause increased engagement in delinquent behavior?
Lack of supervision
What are the types of eating disorders characterized by gross disturbances in patterns of eating?
Anorexia nervosa- fear of weight gain
Bulimia nervosa- binge eating and vomiting
What are the 3 types of egocentrism?
Personal Fable- "Nobody understands me"
Invincibility Fable- "I can do anything without harm"
Imaginary Audience- "Everyone is watching me"
What are the 4 D's of learning disabilities?
Dyslexia (reading and spelling)
Dyscalculia (math)
Dysgraphia (spelling and writing)
Dyspraxia (processing, coordination, and movement)
As children begin to show autonomous morality they begin being able to focusing on more than one aspect of a problem, also known as?
Decentration
What is a common influence of peers if children look unusual or unattractive, lack valued skills, or are aggressive?
Rejection
The hypothalamus and the pituitary regulate the hormones that affect what?
Biorhythms of stress, appetite, and sleep
What is identity achievement? (Concept review: 16.1)
Occurs at the point in which a person understands who he or she is as a unique individual, in accord with past experiences and their future.
Due to changes in growth size and activity level, roughly how many calories a day should boys and girls be consuming?
Boys: 1,200-2,600
Girls: 1,200-2,200
What are the main intelligences according to Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences?
Verbal ability, logical–mathematical reasoning, and spatial intelligence (visual–spatial skills), bodily–kinesthetic intelligence (as shown by dancers and gymnasts), musical intelligence, interpersonal intelligence (as shown in empathy and ability to relate to others), and personal knowledge (self-insight).
What is the pygmalion effect?
Standard of expectations for students that is set out by teachers.
"A self-fulfilling prophecy; an expectation that is confirmed because of the behavior of those who hold the expectation."
What is a substance use disorder and the types of substances used by teens?
A persistent pattern of use of a substance characterized by craving of the substance and impairment of physical, social, and/or emotional well-being.
Depressants (alcohol or narcotics- codeine), stimulants (nicotine, coke, meth, speed), and hallucinogenic (mary jane, LSD, MDMA)
What do relationships with adults vs peers look like during adolescence?
Adults: conflict typically peaks; bickering involves petty, peevish arguing, usually repeated and ongoing
Peers: Help navigate the physical changes of puberty, the intellectual challenges of high school, and the social changes of leaving childhood