Electrochemistry
What happens to cell potential (E) when reactant concentration increases?
It increases.
What constant is used in electrolysis calculations and equals 96,485 C/mol?
Faraday’s constant
What particles are involved in nuclear reactions?
Protons and neutrons
What is half-life?
Time for half a sample to decay
What is a ligand?
A molecule or ion that donates an electron pair
At equilibrium, what is the value of E?
0
What three variables are used in Faraday’s Law?
Current (I), time (t), and electrons transferred (n)
What type of decay emits a helium nucleus?
Alpha decay
After 3 half-lives, what fraction of the original sample remains?
1/8
What is the coordination number?
Number of bonds to the metal
What does a large positive standard potential (E°) indicate?
Products are favored.
In electrolysis, does the system require or produce energy?
Requires energy
Which type of radiation has no mass and no charge?
Gamma radiation
What equation relates energy and mass?
E = mc²
What type of ligand has two donor atoms?
Bidentate
What is the relationship between spontaneity and E in a galvanic cell?
E is positive for spontaneous reactions.
If current increases, what happens to the amount of substance deposited?
It increases
What happens to the atomic number during beta decay?
It increases by 1
Which process splits heavy nuclei?
Fission
What happens to the metal name if the complex is negative?
It ends in “-ate”
If E° = 1.10 V and Q increases, what happens to E?
E decreases (via Nernst equation effect).
Why is E negative in an electrolytic cell?
Because the reaction is non-spontaneous
What determines nuclear stability?
Neutron-to-proton ratio
Which process powers the sun?
Fusion
Name the following compound:
K₂[PtCl₄]
Potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II)