Biochemistry Misc.
What is Amphiprotic?
A compound that can accept and donate a proton or H+.
Example: Water
What is the blueprint structure of an Amino Acid?
H2N-CH(R)-COOH
What is the primary function of the cell?
To do work.
What is a peptide bond?
C-N bond between amino acids.
What is the difference between positive work and negative work within the cell?
(+) Work: Energy absorbed
(-) Work: Energy released
Give the three letter code, one letter code and R-group for Glycine?
GLY, G, R-group: H
In the glycolysis pathway there are two phase what are they?
Preparatory phase and Pay off phase
Give the steps in the glycolysis pathway for the Preparatory Phase and Pay off Phase.
Preparatory Phase - 1-5
Pay off - 6-10
What is Isoelectric point? What is a zwitterion?
Isoelectric point is the pH at which an amino acid remains motionless inside an electrical field.
Give the three letter code, one letter code and R-group for Alanine?
ALA, A, R-group: CH3
In glycolysis Glucose turns into glucose-6-phosphate with the help of what enzyme?
Hexokinase
What are the central role of Glucose?
Storage and Oxidation
What are the four different types of Protein Structures? Give an example for each.
Primary: Amino Acid Sequence
Secondary: Localized folding and configurations
Tertiary: 3-D shape of protein
Quaternary: S-D interaction between multiple polypeptide chains
Give the three letter code, one letter code and R-group for Glutamine?
Gln, Q, R-group: (CH2)2CONH2
What are the five different effects from enzymatic reactions? Explain two of them.
1) Proximity effect: an enzyme can accelerate a reaction between two species simply by holding the two reactants close together in an appropriate orientation.
2) General acid and base catalysts: The general-base catalysts and general-acid catalysts.
Name the five GLUTs we talked about in lecture. Where are they located?
GLUT 1 -> fetal tissue
GLUT 2 -> renal
GLUT 3 -> neuronal
GLUT 4 -> adipose, skeletal
GLUT 5 -> Fructose transporter
What is the difference between a reaction and an inhibition? What are the three types of inhibitions?
Reaction is a substrate binding to the active site of the enzyme and releases products.
Inhibition is stops the substrate from binding to the active site of the enzyme. This results in no new products.
Competitive inhibition, Non-competitive inhibition, Uncompetitive inhibition.
Give the three letter code, one letter code and R-group for Lysine?
LYS, K, (CH2)4-NH3
How many molecules of Pyruvate will be produced if there are 3 glucose molecules?
3 x 2 = 6 Pyruvates
1 glucose molecule = 2 Pyruvate molecules
**Final Jeopardy**
Explain the Krebb Cycle?