Cell Theory History
This tool, invented in the 1600s, allowed scientists to see cells for the first time
What is a microscope?
This organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell" because it produces energy.
What is the mitochondria?
This structure is found ONLY in plant cells and provides rigid support and protection outside the cell membrane.
What is the cell wall?
These are the three domains that all living things are classified into.
What are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya?
This is the term for when cells maintain stable internal conditions
What is homeostasis?
According to cell theory, all living things are made of one or more of these.
What are cells?
This scientist looked at cork under a microscope in 1665 and named the tiny boxes he saw "cells."
Who is Robert Hooke?
This organelle controls all the activities of the cell and contains DNA
What is the nucleus?
This green organelle is found only in plant cells and is the site of photosynthesis.
What is the chloroplast?
This is the main difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
What is "prokaryotes don't have a nucleus and eukaryotes do"?
These are the three essential processes ALL cells must perform to maintain homeostasis.
What are getting energy, removing waste, and reproducing?
An organism that makes its own food is called this
What is an autotroph?
This is why the investigations that led to cell theory are NOT considered controlled experiments.
What is "they were collections of observations from many different sources over a long period of time"?
This organelle controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security guard.
What is the cell membrane?
Both plant and animal cells have these storage organelles, but plant cells have ONE LARGE one while animal cells have several small ones.
What are vacuoles?
An organism that is multicellular, heterotrophic, and has NO cell wall belongs to this kingdom.
What is Kingdom Animalia?
This is the process by which mitochondria break down glucose to release energy for the cell.
What is cellular respiration?
Domain Eukarya contains these four kingdoms
What are Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia?
This is why cell theory is considered a scientific theory and not a scientific law.
What is "it can be updated as scientists discover new information" or "it's an explanation that can change with new evidence"?
This is the jelly-like substance that holds all the organelles in place and helps transport materials within the cell.
What is cytoplasm?
These are the three structures found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells.
What are cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuole?
This is why scientists classify organisms by shared characteristics instead of where they live.
What is "it helps scientists understand how organisms are related and predict similar traits"?
This is the process by which chloroplasts use sunlight to make glucose (food) for plant cells.
What is photosynthesis?
This is how the development of cell theory demonstrates the way science works as a process
What is "multiple scientists built upon each other's observations over time, and the theory can be updated with new evidence"?
Rudolf Virchow proposed this important idea about where new cells come from, which became the third part of cell theory.
What is "all cells come from pre-existing cells"?
These are the two organelles where energy transformations occur in cells: one breaks down glucose and one uses sunlight to make glucose.
What are mitochondria and chloroplasts?
This is why plant cells need a cell wall but animal cells don't
What is "to provide structure and support since plants can't move" or "to help plants stand upright and maintain their shape"?
If you observe cells under a microscope and see a nucleus and chloroplasts, the organism belongs to this kingdom.
What is Kingdom Plantae?
When a cell's mitochondria stop working properly, this is what would happen to the cell's ability to maintain homeostasis.
What is "the cell would not have enough energy to perform its life processes and could die"?
These are the three main components (parts) of cell theory.
What are: (1) all living things are made of cells, (2) cells are the basic unit of life, and (3) all cells come from pre-existing cells?