Crash Course
The factor that makes exothermic processes more favorable.
What is activation energy
Nonpolar molecules rely on this to interact.
What are dispersion forces?
Br2 has a higher boiling point than F2 because of these.
What are electrons?
What are dispersion forces?
Benzene is likely to be this.
What is insoluble?
When comparing a reaction at two different temperatures, we use this equation.
What is e-(E/R)((1/t2) - (1/t1))?
We generally ignore these when considering effective collisions.
What are solids and liquids?
What is "rank the molecules based on their polarizability"?
A substance has a drastically higher viscosity than another despite having fewer electrons because of this.
What is a larger surface area?
What is dipole-dipole?
What is h-bonding?
Adding an -OH to hexane should do this.
What is increasing the solubility?
The reaction looks like is has stopped.
What is reaching equilibrium?
The effective collisions of particles depend on these.
What is the molecularity and complexity of the reaction and particles?
Molecules going faster (or having more kinetic energy) makes this more difficult.
The reason SbH3's boiling point is fairly close to NH3's boiling point.
What are stronger dispersion forces?
This dissolution process is generally endothermic.
(explain why)
What is the dissolution of solids into a liquid?
Bob increased the volume and increased the pressure of his system see how it would change the rate of reaction. Nothing changed because of this.
What is increasing the volume decreases rate of reaction and increasing pressure increases rate of reaction and both must have been changed *deep breath* to a relatively similar extent thus we didn't change the rate?
(Don't stress about this too much, just understand what each of the processes does on it's own)
Which direction of the endothermic process is favored by effective collisions?
What is not enough information?
We do this when drawing:
a. dispersion forces
b. Dipole dipole forces
c. Hbonding forces
(If you have it you will come up and demonstrate it)
What is drawing arbitrary partial charges?
What is lining up dipoles head to tail?
What is drawing dashed lines between viable hydrogens and viable N,O,or Fs
Doing this will cause the volatility of CH3CH2CH2OH to increase.
What is replacing the -OH group with a -CH3 (or something similar)?
V dissolves less in Z as the temperature increases indicating this.
What are stronger VZ interactions compared to VV and ZZ interactions?
Increasing the temperature does not do this.
What is lowering the activation energy?
With a heat reaction of -45.34 kJ, the reaction
2HCl <--> H2 + Cl2 is this.
What is favored by activation energy in the forward and favored by effective collisions in the reverse?
A nonpolar molecule can interact with H2O by these forces.
What is dispersion and MAYBE H-bonding?
(think CO2)
Sugar has a melting point of 186 oC because of this.
What is a large amount of electrons, a big surface area, strong dipole-dipole forces, and a large capacity for hydrogen bonding?
Nothing screams "solubility" like this.
What are similar things interacting with similar things? (What is Like Likes Like).
What will increase the rate of reaction?