Important Definitions
Le Chatelier’s Principle
system at equilibrium responds to stress in a way to relieve it
K?
equilibrium constant
As temperature increases, how does pressure change?
Increases - directly proportional
What is the conjugate acid of CH3OH?
CH3OH2+
Degree of ionization formula for the reaction:
H2O + HCl = H3O+ + Cl-
H3O/HCl
Exothermic Reaction, if heat is increased?
releases heat, shifts to reactants
When change(n) = 0, does Kp = 0, Kc, 1
Kc
If pressure decreases, how is volume affected? Does reaction move L or R?
P decreases = V increases, shifts to side with more moles to fill extra volume
CH3CH2NH2-
Is melting ice exo or endo?
endo
Endothermic Reaction, increase heat?
absorbs heat, shift to products
What is the slope equation using the ln(k2/k1) formula?
-changeH/R
If Temp increases, will the reaction favor exothermic or endothermic?
Endo - relieve heat so moves toward reactants
Which acid is stronger? HB or HNO2?
HNO2, since periods, EN and more O's
True definition of pH (what does pH stand for)?
potential of H+
Law of mass-action?
rate of reaction that is proportional to product & reactant concentrations
Formula for proton concentration?
pH = -log [H+]
If changeH is -40 kJ/mol, is this exo or endo? If T decreases, how does reaction change?
Exothermic since changeH<0, reaction favors products
Is a strong acid something that completely, partially or does not ionize when in solution?
Completely!
When lightning strikes, which interesting molecule is released? H3O+, O3, H2PO4, or Mg(OH)2?
O3 - ozone
What does pKa stand for?
Ionization constant
Kw = ? (not the number)
Ka x Kb
Increases
Which base is brine used to make NaClO, NaOH, or KOH?
NaClO - bleach
Which substance is actually a liquid? copper, silver, glass, ice, quartz?
Glass - moves very slowly