Balancing Act
The coefficient needed in front of H₂O to balance: CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + ___H₂O
What is 2?
Moles of H₂ needed to react with 1 mole of O₂ in: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
What is 2 moles?
The type of reaction when AgNO₃(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO₃(aq)
What is a precipitation reaction?
The process where an element loses electrons.
Oxidation
The pressure of 2 atmosphere expressed in torr
What is 1,520 torr?
The gas law which describes the relationship between pressure and volume
What is Boyle's Law?
A process that absorbs heat from the surroundings
What is endothermic?
A candy bar contains 100 kcal of energy. Convert this value to kilojoules (kJ).
What is 418 kJ?
The coefficient needed for HCl in: ___Si + ___HCl → ___SiCl₄ + ___H₂
What is 4?
The percent yield when 2.0 g of product is obtained but 4.0 g was expected.
What is 50%?
What is a combination reaction?
The type of redox reaction: Zn (s) + CuSO₄ (aq) → ZnSO₄ (aq) + Cu (s)
What is a single displacement reaction?
This happens to pressure when you decrease the volume of a gas at constant temperature
What is increases?
The gas law which describes the relationship between volume and temperature
What is Charles's Law?
The SI unit of energy and heat
What is the joule?
An ice cube dropped into a cup of warm soda gains 100 J of heat. How much heat is lost by the soda?
100 J
The coefficient for O₂ when balancing: ___C₃H₈ + ___O₂ → ___CO₂ + ___H₂O
What is 6?
Moles of CO₂ produced from 1 mole of C₃H₈ in: C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
What is 3 moles?
The six strong acids
What are HCl, HBr, HI, H2SO4, HNO3, and HClO4?
The oxidation number of calcium in CaCl₂
What is +2?
The pressure of 73.5 psi expressed in atmospheres
What is 5 atmospheres?
The volume of 1 mole of any gas at STP
What is 22.4 L?
The law stating energy cannot be created or destroyed
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Temperature after mixing 200 g water at 20°C with 200 g water at 30°C
What is 25°C?
The limiting reactant when 2 moles H₂ react with 2 moles O₂ in: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
What is H₂?
What is H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) → H2O (l)
The substance that gets reduced in a redox reaction
What is the oxidizing agent?
According to KMT, this happens to molecular speed when temperature increases
What is it increases?
The new volume when 1 L of gas at 1 atm expands to 0.5 atm (constant T)
What is 2 L?
The sign of ΔH for an exothermic reaction
What is negative?
The device used to measure heat changes in chemical reactions
What is a calorimeter?
Groups of atoms like SO₄²⁻ that stay together and must be balanced as a unit
What are polyatomic ions?
Moles of Al needed to produce 6 moles of H₂ in: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂
What is 4 moles?
An acid like acetic acid (CH₃COOH) that only partially dissociates in water
What is a weak acid?
The oxidation number of carbon in CO2
What is +4?
The type of collisions between gas molecules according to kinetic molecular theory
What is elastic?
The new pressure when gas at 1 atm is compressed from 6 L to 2 L at constant T
A system absorbs 300 kJ of heat and performs 100 kJ of work. What is the system's change in internal energy?
What is 200 kJ?
The temperature increase when 10 g of water absorbs 418 J of heat (c = 4.18 J/g°C
What is 10°C ?
These ions appear on both sides of a total ionic equation but not in the net ionic equation
What are spectator ions?
Moles of H₂O produced when 4 moles NH₃ react with 5 moles O₂ in: 4NH₃ + 5O₂ → 4NO + 6H₂O
What is 6 moles?
The precipitate when lead (II) nitrate reacts with potassium iodide?
What is lead (II) iodide?
The reducing agent in: Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)
What is Mg?
How many times faster H₂ gas diffuses compared to O₂ (based on Graham's Law)
What is 4 times faster?
What happens to volume when absolute temperature doubles at constant pressure
What is doubles?
The ΔH for the reverse reaction if the forward reaction has ΔH = +300 kJ
What is -300 kJ?
Heat needed to raise 100 g of water from 20°C to 25°C
What is 2,092 J?