Ionic Bonding
Anions tend to be _____ and cation tend to be ______
nonmetals, metals
What is the name of PCl5?
phosphorus trichloride
Rank all IMFs from weakest to strongest
LDFs, Dipole-Dipole, H-bonding
What molecular geometry is BH3?
Trigonal Planar
What explains the very high melting and boiling point of water?
strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules
What is the formula for the ionic compound between Mg and S?
MgS
Covalent bonds usually occur between what types of atoms?
non metals
Intermolecular forces are strongest in what state?
solids
What is VSEPR theory?
It is the tendency for electron pairs and atoms in covalent bonds to want to be spread as far apart as possible because valence electrons are repulsed by each other.
How many electrons are shared in N2?
six
Elements in the periodic table are grouped by___
their valence electrons
Which bond is more nonpolar covalent and why? C-H or O-H
C-H because the electronegativity difference is smaller between the atoms
What is an uneven electron distribution within a bond called?
Dipole
What molecular geometric shapes have 4 electron domains?
Tetrahedral, Trigonal Pyramidal, Bent
Where would you place a delta negative and delta positive on PBr3?
δ+ on Phosphorus and δ- on all Br atoms
What holds ionic bonds together?
Ions with opposite charges
Is carbon dioxide polar or nonpolar? Where would you place δ+ and δ- on the Lewis structure of CO2?
Nonpolar with no overall dipole. δ+ would be placed on C and δ- would be placed on the O atoms.
What is a dipole moment?
When electrons are unevenly distributed in a nonpolar molecule in an instant
Explain the difference between an ionic bond and a polar covalent bond.
Ionic bond has full charges
Polar covalent bond has partial charges, so we use
δ + or δ -
What are real-world examples of hydrogen bonding? You must name more than two.
surface tension of water when divers jump into a pool, the penny lab, h-bonding holding DNA together, a paperclip floating on top of water, water bugs skimming the top of a puddle
What is the name of this ionic compound: CuCO3
Copper (II) Carbonate
There are __________ paired and __________ unpaired electrons in the Lewis symbol
for a Nitrogen atom.
2,3
H-bonding forces always require___
Hydrogen and a lone pair on F, O, N
How many bonding pairs are in CH3Br? How many lone pairs?
Bonding Pairs: 4
Lone Pairs: 3
Rank the following from most polar to least polar: CH4, HF, H2O, and N2
HF, H2O, CH4, N2