Molecules
H2, D2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Flourine, Chlorine
the five Diatomic Molecules that are Gasses
Giga: abbreviation and meaning
G
109
Mass # is made of
Protons AND Neutrons
Branches of "Pure Substances"
Elements and Compounds
-never a single element or compound-
-can be separated by physical means
-Homogenous or Heterogenous
the liquid and solid Diatomic Molecules
Br2,I2
Bromine (liquid), Iodine (solid)
M
106
Mega
The mass and charges of protons and neutrons and electrons
Protons: mass: 1, charge: +1
Neutrons: mass: 1, charge 0
Electrons: mass very small, charge -1
Exist of more than one type of atom and cannot be separated into components by physical means.
Compounds
Not a uniform solution
Heterogenous
no fixed shape/volume
uniformly fills container
can be compressed
can expand
molecules move at high speed
A Gas
d 10-1
Deci
"liquids frozen in space", melting, then cooled fast.
Amorphous Solid
Homogenous
a uniform solution
Defined and Defined volum. Assumes portion of container shape. Not compressible. Closer packed molecules than air But still moving across each other
A Liquid
10-3 : what metric prefix and abbreviation is this?
Milli, m
Atomic # is number of ___________, and is equal to the number of __________
protons, electrons
(ID's the element)
Filtration, Distillation, Chromatography
are examples of:
"Physical Means of Separation"
this produces substances that are chemically different than at the start.
a Chemical Reaction
(example: Hydrogen and Oxygen gasses becoming water)
Has defined, distinct volume. Close packing of molecules. Molecules vibrate but are in a fixed state
A Solid
Kilo: abbreviation and meaning
k
103
Crystalline Solids are characterized by
regular, repeating patterns
Describe a Physical Change:
the appearance changes but not the chemical identity. Example: liquid water becoming ice.
µ
what prefix is this and meaning?
Micro 10-6
These exist as only a single type of atom, but can be diatomic
An Element
Color, Melting Point and Density are examples of
Intensive Properties.
These are independent of the amount of the sample and help ID an unknown substance.
Centi: abbrevation and meaning
10-2
Define or characterize "Pure Substance"
-Well defined boiling and melting points
-Distinct Properties
-Contains nothing but itself
Extensive Properties definition and give examples
are dependent on the sample. Examples: mass and volume.