Atomic Structure
List the 2 sub atomic particles and their charge.
Proton-positive (in nucleus)
Neutron-neutral (in nucleus)
Electron-negative (in energy levels)
How many valence electrons does an atom of Sodium (Na) have on its outermost energy level?
1 valence electron
Group=columns
1,2,skip,3,4,5,6,7,8
Which of the following is a Physical Change?
Melting
Corroding
Decomposing
Melting
(phase changes = physical changes)
Physical change- no new substance
Balance the following Combination Reaction
Mg + O2 -> MgO
2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO
I2 is produced by the reaction of 0.4235 mol of CuCl2 according to the following equation:
2CuCl2 + 4KI → 2CuI + 4KCl + I2
What mass of I2 is produced?
53.8 g I2
How many protons and electrons are in a neutral atom of the element Hydrogen (H)?
1 proton and 1 electron
(charges cancel = neutral)
What type of bond forms between Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) when the react to form Sodium Chloride (NaCl)?
Ionic bond
Metal atom + Non-metal atom
(loses 1e- and gains 1e-)
(cation + and anion -)
What are the REACTANTS in the following chemical reaction?
2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O
H2 and O2
(Reactants are substances before the arrow
and products are substances after the arrow)
Balance the following Decomposition Reaction
Ba(ClO₃)₂ → BaCl₂ + O₂
What coefficient would be with Barium Chlorate?
1
Ba(ClO3)2 --> BaCl2 + 3 O2
How many moles of sodium will react with water to produce 4.0 mol of hydrogen in the following reaction?
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
8.0 mol Na
If an atom has 25 protons, 26 neutrons, and 25 electrons , what is the mass number of this isotope?
51
Mass # = protons + neutrons
What type of bond is found in Carbon Dioxide, CO2?
Covalent Bond
Non-metal atom + Non-metal atom
(share electrons)
What type of reaction is seen below?
2Fe + O₂ → 2FeO
Combination Reaction
A + B --> AB
Balance the following Single Replacement Reaction
Na(s) + ZnCl2(aq) → NaCl(aq) + Zn(s)
2 Na(s) + ZnCl2(aq) → 2 NaCl(aq) + Zn(s)
Phosphorus burns in air to produce a phosphorus oxide in the following reaction:
4P(s) + 5O2(g) → P4010(s)
What mass of phosphorus will be needed to produce 3.25 mol of P4010?
403 g P
How many neutrons are in the isotope Carbon_14?
8 neutrons
Mass # = P + N (atomic # = P)
14 = 6 + N
N = 8
What is the chemical formula for Aluminum Oxide?
Al2O3
Al+3 O-2 (swap and drop)
+1,+2,skip,+3,+-4,-3,-2,-1,0
What type of chemical reaction is seen below?
2AgNO3(aq) + CaCl2(aq) → 2AgCl(s) + Ca(NO3)2(aq)
Double Replacement
AB + CD --> AD + CB
Balance the following Double Displacement reaction.
AlCl3(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → Al2(CO3)3(s) + NaCl(aq)
What coefficient would Aluminum Chloride possess?
2
2AlCl3(aq) + 3Na2CO3(aq) → Al2(CO3)3(s) + 6NaCl(aq)
What is the molarity of a solution that was prepared by dissolving 14.2 g of NaNO3 (molar mass = 85.0 g/mol) in enough water to make 350 mL of solution?
0.477 M
Two different isotopes of Boron are Boron_11 and Boron_10.
Which subatomic particle is the same in each isotope and which subatomic particle is different?
(Include Numbers!)
Both isotopes have 5 protons
(atomic # = protons)
Boron_10 has 5 neutrons and Boron_11 has 6 neutrons
What would be the chemical formula for the covalent molecule Dihydrogen Pentasulfide?
H2S5
A student is testing a chemical and observes the following properties: bitter taste, 8.93 pH , blue litmus test.
What is her conclusion about the identity of the chemical?
It is a base
(Acids: sour, <7 pH, red litmus test)
What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state?
Matter is neither created nor destroyed.
All atoms in the reactants must be present in the products in equal amounts (balanced)
How many grams of NaBr (molar mass = 102.9 g/mol) would be needed to prepare 700 ml of 0.230 M NaBr solution?
16.6 g NaBr