ch1 and 2
What is chemistry?
the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes.
the law of conservation of mass and energy.
Energy and mass cannot be created or destroyed only transformed.
Double:What equation relates energy and mass?
What is Einstein's definition of light?
A a particle of light carried on an electromagnetic wave.
What is a covalent bond?
Electrons are shared
The periodic law-
the chemical properties of elements can be grouped with periodictiory.
Double Explain the columns and rows.
Three branches of chemistry:
organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and physical chemistry (other answers include: analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and theoretical chemistry)
Define an ion, and isotope.
Ion is an atom with a different number of electrons, and an ion is an atom with a different number of neutrons.
Double: what does Carbon-14 mean in terms of number of electrons protons and neutrons.
What is one quanta of light called?
Double: Which color is the highest energy quanta.
A photon.
What is an ionic bond
Electrons are stolen and atoms are attracted to opposite poles
Which groups are the most reactive and least reactve group of elements on the periodic table-
alkali metals most, noble gases least
What do these react with most aggressivley?
A hypothesis is
A hypothesis is
A. A testable statement
B. A true statement
C.Never makes sense
D.Is closer to truth than a theory
A. a testable statement.
What is the mass of 1.00 mol of Li?
6.94g
Name the sublevels in the atom is structure in order.
s, p, d, f
Double: Describe the shape of s and p
In order to achieve a lower energy state nature moves toward equilibrium.
Consider the following electronic configuration: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 How many electrons are present-
12
What is matter? What is an element and What is a compound?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. An element is aa pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom. A compound is a combination of atoms bonded chemicially
What is the law of multiple proportions
Two elements combine in whole number ratios.
Write the noble gas notation for neon...answer:
[He]2s²2p⁶
TheLewis structure of HCN contains
A. one double bond and one single bond.
B. one triple bond and one single bond.
C. two single bonds.
D. two double bonds.
C two single bonds
What name is sometimes used to refer to the entire set of d-block elements- t
Transition elements
What's the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures?
Homogeneous mixtures are uniform in composition(such as salt water), but heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform in composition(such as clay and water).
Explain the three different way the periodic table is organized.
First by atomic number or protons.
2nd by rows/periods which tell number of valence shells.
3rd By columns called groups which tell the number of valence electrons.
What three principles guide the electron configuration of an atom?
Answer: the Aufbau Principle, the Pauli-Exclusion Principle, and Hund's Rule
Double: Describe each
According to VSEPR theory ,the molecular geometry for CH+3 is
A. tetrahedral.
B. trigonal-pyramidal.
C. bent or angular.
D. None of the above
c
What is Electronegativity-
a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound
Double: What are the two most electronegative elements>