Atoms, Bonds, and the Periodic Table
Has no charge and is found in the nucleus
Neutron
Mixture where components are NOT evenly distributed
Heterogenous mixture
MgCl2 name and type of bond
Magnesium chloride, ionic
A+B -> AB
Synthesis or combination
What happens to pressure if volume increases when temperature is constant?
Pressure decreases
What happens to heat in an endothermic reaction?
Absorbed
Tastes sour
Acid
Has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus
Proton
A mixture that is similar throughout
Homogenous mixture
CO2 name and type of bond
Carbon Dioxide, covalent
AB + CD -> CB + AD
What happens to temperature if pressure increases while volume is held constant?
Temperature increases
The total heat of a system
Enthalpy
Feels slippery
Base
Has a negative charge and is not found in the nucleus. Is arranged in shells.
Electron
A homogenous mixture where one or more substances is completely dissolved in another
Solution
Compounds with a covalent bond are named using...
Prefixes
HyCx + O2 -> CO2 + H2O
Combustion
What is the volume of an ideal gas?
No volume
Entropy is the measure of _______.
Disorder
A pH of less than 7 is...
Acidic
A bond between a metal and a non metal with high electronegativity differences. Electrons are transffered.
Ionic bond
A solution where the solvent is water
Aqueous
When writing the formula for an ionic compound, you need to...
Balance the charges
A + BC -> B + AC
Single displacement/replacement
At what temperature and pressure do real gases behave ideally?
High temperature and low pressure
What is the sign of Gibb's free energy for a spontaneous reaction?
Negative
pH is calculated using the -log of what?
Hydronium concentration
The number above the chemical symbol represents...
Number of protons
A compound that has an equal share or pull on electrons.
Non polar
How do you find the molar mass of a substance
Add the masses of all the atoms in the compound
AB -> A + B
Decomposition
What is the relationship between the number of moles and volume if pressure and temperature are held constant?
Direct
What state of matter has the highest entropy?
Gases
pH + pOH =?
14
Covalent bond
A compound where electrons are shared but unevenly
Polar
How to you calculate the moles of a product if you know grams of the reactant?
Convert from moles to grams using molar mass. Switch substances by using the molar ratio from the balance equation
HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O
Double displacement, Acid-base reaction
How do the ideal gas law and the combined gas law differ?
Ideal gas law measures a moment in time and the combined gas law measures a change in variables
The amount of energy required to raise one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius is called what? Every substance has its own.
Specific heat
Used to predict the effect of change on a system at equilibrium
Le Chatelier's principle