Gas Laws
This law states that at constant temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional.
Boyles Law
This term describes the average kinetic energy of gas particles.
Temperature
Ideal gases are assumed to have no intermolecular forces and particles of this size.
Negligible (very very very tiny)
A sample of 2.50 mol of nitrogen gas (N₂) is held at a pressure of 1.00 atm and a temperature of 25.0°C. What volume does it occupy? (INCLUDE UNITS OR DOES NOT COUNT!)
61.2 L
4.00 g of hydrogen gas (H₂, M = 2.016 g/mol) is stored in a 12.0 L tank at 15.0°C. What is the pressure in atm?
3.9 atm
This law states that at constant pressure, volume and temperature are directly proportional.
Charles Law
At this temperature (0°C and 1 atm), one mole of an ideal gas occupies exactly 22.4 liters.
Standard temperature and pressure (STP)
Ideal gases are considered to have perfectly elastic collisions, meaning this
Kinetic energy is not lost during collisions
A rigid 5.00 L container holds 0.800 mol of helium gas at 37.0°C. What is the pressure inside the container? (INCLUDE UNITS OR DOES NOT COUNT!)
4.06 atm
A chemist needs to collect 500 mL of ammonia gas (NH₃, M = 17.03 g/mol) at 25.0°C and 1.00 atm. What mass of NH₃ must be produced?
.347 g
This law states that at constant volume, pressure and temperature are directly proportional.
Gay-Lussac's Law
Gases are distinct from other fundamental states of matter due to their indefinite volume, low density, and ability to do this.
Be compressed (are compressible)
Ideal gases fly all over the place with no rhyme or reason, we refer to this behavior as the gases exhibiting this kind of motion.
Random/chaotic
A weather balloon has a volume of 48.0 L at 1.00 atm and 20.0°C. How many moles of gas does it contain? (INCLUDE UNITS OR DOES NOT COUNT!)
2.00 mol
A scuba tank has an internal volume of 12.0 L and contains air at 200 atm and 20.0°C. At the surface (1.00 atm, 20.0°C), what volume would this air occupy?
2400 L
This law combines Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's laws into a single expression relating P, V, mols, and T.
The ideal gas equation
This property is defined as a substances mass divided by its volume
Density
This variable (R) is referred to as the universal gas constant with a value of this when measuring pressure using atmospheres.
.08206 L(atm)/K(mol) (units not necessary in answer)
A gas occupies 10.0 L at 2.00 atm with 0.750 mol present. What is the temperature of the gas in Celsius?
51.7 C
A gas sample at 1.00 atm and 27.0°C occupies 4.00 L. The container is heated to 127.0°C while the pressure is simultaneously increased to 2.00 atm. Find (n)
.1626 mol
This law states that equal volumes of all ideal gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of mols.
Avagadro's Law
This property is defined as the amount of force exerted over some area
Pressure
The ideal gas equation involves four variables and a constant. Written as an equation where the variables are represented by one letter symbols, it looks like this.
PV=nRT
1520 mmHg
Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid: Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g). If 0.250 g of Mg (M = 24.31 g/mol) reacts completely, what volume of H₂ gas is produced at 25.0°C and 1.00 atm?
0.251 L