Unit 1 Vocab
What is density?
The amount of substance (mass) within a specified volume.
This graduated cylinder has 4.33 mL of liquid in it.
What is the density of the liquid?
D = m/v
D= 3.68g / 4.33 mL
D = 0.84 g/mL
What is the impact of melting sea ice on sea levels?
Sea levels will stay the same when the sea ice melts. Volume of the sea ice is already in the sea, so when it melts it will not increase the sea levels.
Where do you find protons and neutrons in an atom?
Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus
A neutral atom of Beckium (Bec) has 9 protons. What can you infer about the number and type of subatomic particles present in Bec-?
This Beckium atom has gained an electron, so it now has 9 protons and 10 electrons
Molecules with 3 or more atoms. These can pass through visible light but will get trapped in infrared radiation.
Substance B has a density = 11.42 g/mL
What is the volume when we have 200 g of substance B?
200 g * 1 mL
_______
11.42g
How do we represent mass, volume and density in a particle diagram?
Mass= number of particles
volume = size of the box.
Density = based on the information provided, if information tells you something is more dense than another, you have to include more mass with in the SAME volume.
Where do you find electrons in an atom?
A child rubs a balloon on their hair and now there is an attraction between the hair and the balloon. The mechanism for this system is at a scale that we cannot see. Why is the balloon attracted to the child's hair?
ELECTRONS from the hair moved to the balloon, resulting in the balloon and hair to have opposite charges and to attract.
What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture?
a mixture has different particles while a pure substance has the same particles throughout.
How does the waves of infrared radiation and visible light differ?
Visible light has a shorter wavelength than infrared light.
During a PHASE CHANGE what things are changing?
Particles are moving closer together as attractions are forming.
How does distance affect the force that is experienced between two things?
As the distance increased, force experienced is decreased.
As the distance decreases, force experienced is increased.
On a mass vs. volume graph, how do you know if something has a higher density?
What does the unit of specific heat tell us?
J/g°C
Amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C
An ice cube is placed in a gallon of boiling water, what would an energy transfer diagram look like for this?
We would need one really big box, with a lot of particles in it, and a second small box with some particles in it. In this we would expect to see the arrows going from the hot to the cold.
Motion of the particles in the substance are increasing.
What is an electric field?
Area surrounding a charged object where other charged objects experience a force.
When you are taking measurements what are somethings that you need to take into consideration?
If looking at volume, you must look at the meniscus and measure using that.
How much each interval increases (example; increases by 0.1 mL)
One place value over is going to be your estimated value (example; since it was increasing by 0.1 our estimated value will be in the hundreths place 0.01)
What is albedo?
How does this affect temperature?
reflection of visible light due to the coloring of the surface. Generally lighter colors will reflect better because of the albedo.
Things with higher albedo reflect light better which makes things cooler, if albedo decreases surfaces will get hotter.
How does the energy required to melt a certain amount a solid compare to the energy required to freeze the same amount of a liquid?
The energy absorbed to melt the substance is the same as the energy released when freezing the substance
What portions of a time temperature graph do you see a change in the potential and kinetic energy?
potential: during phase changes (flat portions of the graph where there is no increase in the temperature)
kinetic: during portions of the graph where the temperature is increasing or decreasing.
What would the charges of objects have to be if they are attracted to each other? If they repel each other?
Attract = opposite charges (one positive, one negative)
Repel = same charges (both positive or both negative)
Calculate the volume of a sheet of floating sea ice that has an area of 25m^2 and a height of 35m
volume = a*h
volume = 875m^3