Gas Laws
Examples of Ideal Gases (2).
Hydrogen and Helium
Where can I find the # of protons in an element?
The atomic #.
How do I determine which energy level has more energy?
Father away from nucleus - more energy.
Cathode use to determine this subatomic particle.
What is an electron?
What happens to the # of particles as pressure is decreased in a closed container?
# of particles stay the same (they cannot escape)
What does the KMT explain?
How gases should behave.
# of neutrons = mass # - protons
What are isotopes?
Elements with same # of protons /atomic # but different # of neutrons /mass #. Ex. O-16 & O-18
Draw Bohr model for Ne.
Drawing
What happens to the volume of a gas as the pressure is increase?
Pressure increased so spacing decreases - so volume decreases.
How do gases move (3 points).
Rapidly, randomly, straight-line motion.
Protons and Neutrons - nucleus, e- energy levels/shells
What are valence e-?
Electrons in the outermost energy level - last level. (Involved in bonding.)
What 2 things were learned from the gold-foil experiment?
(1) Atom mostly empty space (2) Atom has a + dense center (nucleus)
How can I make an ideal gas more like a real gas?
Real - think particles closer - so decrease temperature and increase pressure.
What do we call the protons and neutrons together?
Nucleons
Can count the #s in the electron configuration (ex. 2-8-8-2 has 4 valence e-) or look at the row/period #.
What do we call the location of highest probability of finding an electron?
What is an orbital?
If asked to solve a gas law problem and given a substance at STP - what must I do?
Use Table A to determine the temperature (273K0 and pressure of the substance.
How do real gases deviate from the KMT?
They have some some forces of attraction and their volume is significant.
How do I determine the # of e- in an atom or ion?
Atom = Neutral so p+ = e-
Ion = lost or gain e- (positive ion = lost e- = subtract # ; negative ion = gain e- = add #)
How is the bright -line spectrum produced? / What is the difference b/w ground and excited state?
Produced when e- move / return from a higher energy level to a lower energy level. (Basically from excited - where e- jumped to / higher energy state- back to ground state - where they belong originally / lower energy state.)
What is the difference between the bohr model and an electron-dot model?
Bohr model shows what element should look like w/ nucleus, energy levels, and subatomic particles. Electron-dot model only shows the electrons involved in bonding.