Thermochemistry
Endothermic or exothermic?
Ice Melting
H2O (s) → H2O (l)
Endothermic
Energy and frequency are directly proportional;
Frequency and wavelength are _____________.
What is "Inversely Proportional"?
Draw the shape of an s, p, and d orbital.
Card 1
What is the shape, bond angles, and polarity of water?
Bent
109.5 ̊
Polar
This element is the most electronegative.
What is "Fluorine"?
How much energy is required to heat a beaker of ethanol (25.0 g) from room temperature (23.7 ̊C) to its boiling point (78.37 ̊C)?
The specific heat capacity of ethanol is 2.48 J/g ̊C
3390 J
This famous experiment demonstrated that light has particle properties by causing electrons to be ejected from a metal plate when exposed to high frequency light.
What is the Photoelectric Effect?
Write the condensed electron configuration for Iodine (I, Z=53).
[Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p5
Draw the lewis structure for iodine pentafluoride.
Card 3
This experiment has been done with both light and a beam of electrons, produces interference patterns, and demonstrates wave properties.
What is "The Double Slit Experiment"?
Calculate the heat of formation of HCl (g) using the equation and data below.
CH4 (g) + 4 Cl2 (g) → CCl4 (g) + 4 HCl (g) ΔH = -396 kJ
ΔHf ̊ (kJ/mol): CH4 (g) = -75 CCl4 (g)= -103
- 92 kJ/mol
Calculate the energy of an electron in the n=5 energy level of a hydrogen atom.
-8.716x10-20
Name the area where there is zero probability of finding an electron in an atom.
What is "Orbital Nodes"?
Determine shape and bond angles for PCl5.
Trigonal Bipyramidal
90 ̊ and 120 ̊
Briefly explain and provide an example for a pure covalent bond, an ionic bond, and a polar covalent bond.
Pure Covalent: equal sharing of electrons
Ionic: transfer of electrons, ions formed
Polar Covalent: unequal sharing of electrons
A reaction causes a gas volume to contract from 15.65 L to 4.25 L against an external pressure of 10.00 atm, while 175 joules of energy is absorbed in the form of heat. Calculate the change in internal energy for the reaction in kJ.
11.73 kJ
Calculate the wavelength (in nm) of the light produced for an electronic transition from n=5→2 in a hydrogen atom.
434nm
Bonus Points: What color does this wavelength represent?
Write the reactions (including phases) associated with the first and second ionization of zinc.
Zn (g) → Zn+ (g) + e-
Zn+ (g) → Zn2+ (g) + e-
Is CHCl3 polar or non-polar?
Polar
Name the periodic trends and show them on the periodic table.
Size
Ionization Energy
Electron Affinity
Bonus: Electronegativity!
Self-heating cans may be used to warm drinks such as coffee. When the button on the can is pushed, a seal is broken, allowing water and calcium oxide to mix and react. The reaction produces solid calcium hydroxide and releases heat. If more water is used the calcium hydroxide is produced as a solution instead of as a solid. The equation for the reaction is:
CaO (s) + H2O (ℓ) → Ca(OH)2 (aq)
Use the following data to calculate the enthalpy change, in kJ/mol, for the above reaction.
Ca (s) + ½O2 (g) → CaO (s) ΔH = −635 kJ/mol
H2 (g) + ½O2 (g) → H2O (ℓ) ΔH = −286 kJ/mol
Ca (s) + O2 (g) + H2 (g) → Ca(OH)2 (s) ΔH = −986 kJ/mol
Ca(OH)2 (s) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) ΔH = −82 kJ/mol
-147 kJ/mol
Calculate the frequency of light required to cause an electron to jump from n=2→5 in a hydrogen atom.
6.906x1014 Hz
Draw the electron configuration diagram for Polonium (Po, Z=84).
Card 2
Draw the lewis structure for sulfur tetrafluoride. Determine the shape, bond angles, formal charge, and polarity.
See-saw
90 ̊ and 120 ̊
Formal Charges: all 0
Polar
What is the only letter that is not on the periodic table?
J