Chemistry
A 3-D, repeating patter of + and - ions, formed by ionic compound.
Tendency for an atom to attract electrons when chemically bonded to another atom
Electronegativity
A sharing of electrons
Covalent Bonding
Atoms will gain or lose enough electron in order to become isoelectronic with a noble gas. (Think 8)
Octet Rule
A transfer of electrons
Ionic Bonding
A chemical formula that is arranged in the smallest whole number ratio
Empirical Formula
A chemical formula that describes the makeup of a single molecule
Molecular Formula
A bond where electrons are shared unequally between atoms
Polar
A bond where electrons are shared equally between atoms
Non-polar
The shape (geometry) that is always an exception to the octet rule
Trigonal Bipyramidal
A triple covalent bond shares _______ electrons between atoms.
Six
Why do atoms form ionic and covalent bonds?
to attain a noble-gas electron configuration
Which of the following elements does not want to have eight valence electrons?
magnesium, oxygen, fluorine, hydrogen, nitrogen
Hydrogen
Ionic compounds are normally in which physical state at room temperature?
solid
Which of the following is the name given to pairs of valence electrons that do not participate in bonding in covalent molecules.
unvalenced pair, outer pair, unshared pair, bound pair, inner pair
Unshared pair
What is the total number of covalent bonds normally associated with a single carbon atom in a compound?
4
How many electrons does a nitrogen atom need to gain to attain a noble gas electron configuration?
3
A molecule with a triple covalent bond is _____.
F(2), H(2), N(2), O(2)
*Numbers in parenthesis are subscripts
N(2)
Atoms situate themselves around a central atom in a molecule using the following theory:
Since electron pairs repel, molecules adjust their shapes so that the electron pairs are as far apart as possible
Which of the following molecules has a tetrahedral shape? (No you may not draw it out)
HF, NH(3), CH(2)F(2), HCN, CH(2)O
CH(2)F(2)
There are a total of 5 atoms.
Which of the following sets of atoms can be joined by a covalent bond?
Be & F, Na & Cl, S & F, Mg & Na, Li & Cl
S & F
**Covalent bonds are bonds of nonmetals only**
Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound?
Magnesium and sodium, nitrogen and sulfur, oxygen and chlorine, magnesium and chlorine, carbon and flourine
Magnesium and chlorine
**Nonmetal to a metal**
Which of the following would be the best conductor of electricity?
Cl(2), H(2)O, CH(4), NH(3), NaCl
NaCl
**All of the other bonds are covalent bond. NaCl is an ionic bond which is a better conductor of electricity.
Which of the following molecules in non-polar?
HF, NH(3), CH(2)F(2), CF(4), HCN
Which of the following molecules is polar?
CH(4), H(2)O, O(2), CO(2), SiF(4)
CO(2)