Chemical Bonding and Reactions

Bonding

100

Why do elements bond?

To receive a full outer shell/8 valence electrons or to be stable.

200

In chemical bonds, electrons are either __________ or _______________.

shared or given away.

300

Elements that lose an electron are called a(n) ________, when they gain an electron they are called a(n) _________.

Lose - Cation

Gain - Anion

400

What combination of elements form an ionic bond?

metal + nonmetal

500

What combination of elements form a covalent bond?

2+ nonmetals

Ionic or Covalent?

100

NaCl

Ionic

200

MgCl2

Ionic

300

P₂S₃

Covalent

400

K(NO₃)

Both

500

H₂(SO₄)

Covalent

Ionic Nomenclature

100

What are the naming rules for ionic compounds?

Name of 1st element + Name of 2nd element ending in -ide

200

What is the name of NaBr?

Sodium Bromide

300

How do I write the chemical formula for an ionic compound?

Write each element symbol and their oxidization number, if the numbers cancel out, you drop them, if they don't swap them.

400

What is the chemical formula for magnesium sulfide?

MgS

500

What is the chemical formula for rubidium nitride?

Rb₃N

Covalent Nomenclature

100

What has to go in front of the 2nd name in a covalent bond name?

a prefix (like mono, di, etc)

200

Do we always put a prefix in front of both names in a covalent bond? Why/why not?

No - if the 1st name has only 1 you don't put the prefix.

300

How do I write the chemical formula for a covalent compound from the name?

Look at the prefixes, write the symbols and subscript based on the prefix.

400

What is the chemical formula for nitrogen trifluoride?

NF₃

500

What is the chemical name of P₆O₉?

hexaphosphorus nonaoxide

Types of Chemical Reactions

100

A reaction where 2 reactants combine into a single compound.

Synthesis

200

What kind of chemical reaction is shown below?

2NO₂ 🡪 2O₂ + N₂

Decomposition

300

Balance the following equation:

____P₄ + ____O₂ 🡪 ____P₂O₃

What type of reaction is this? 

P₄ +  3 O₂ 🡪 2P₂O_{3  (Synthesis)}

400

What kind of reaction is shown?

C3H6O + 4O2 🡪 3CO2 + 3H2O  

Combustion (remember co2 and h20 = combustion)

500

What kind of reaction is shown?

HBr + Al(OH)₃ 🡪 3H₂O + AlBr₃

Double replacement

Nuclear Chemistry

100

What are the 3 types of radioactive decay?

Alpha, Beta, Gamma

200

What happens in radioactive decay?

an unstable nucleus releases particles / splits into smaller nuclei

300

Copper-70 breaks down into Cobalt-66.

What kind of nuclear decay is this?

Alpha Decay, Copper loses 4 in atomic mass and 2 electrons (Copper has 29 and Cobalt has 27)

400

What is the difference between nuclear fusion and nuclear fission?

Fusion - nuclei combine

Fission - nucleus splits

500

The half-life of Zn-71 is 2.4 minutes. If one had 100.0 g at the beginning, how many grams would be left after 7.2 minutes has elapsed?

7.2 / 2.4 = 3 half-lives

100/2 = 50

50/2 = 25

25/2 = 12.5

12.5 grams