Types of Bonds
Ionic/Covalent
What is the name of the outer electrons for an atom?
Valence electrons
What is the name of the rule that says all atoms want to have a full shell of 8 electrons?
The Octet Rule
What are Lewis Structures used for?
Used as a 2D model to represent bonds of 2 or more atoms
What is the name of the spectrum that includes all wavelengths of radiation?
Electromagnetic Spectrum
What is the name of the bond that SHARES electrons?
Covalent
Which column of the periodic table contain elements with 2 valence electrons?
Column 2
What are the 2 exceptions to the Octet Rule?
Hydrogen & Helium
When creating your Lewis Structure, you need to determine which element is your central atom. There are 2 hints/rules you need to remember. What is 1?
It's always Carbon, it's never Hydrogen.
True/False
Gamma rays are the most energetic wavelengths.
True
What is the name of the bond that TRANSFERS electrons?
Ionic
If I am making an electron dot notation for Aluminum (Al), how many dots do I draw around the chemical symbol?
3 dots
How many more electrons does Oxygen (O) need to have a full shell?
2 more electrons needed
For the Lewis Structure of H2O, what how many bonds does the central Oxygen have?
2 bonds, one from each Hydrogen
Why does a prism create a rainbow when white light is sent through it?
White light includes all colors, the prism refracts (separates) the colors to form a rainbow.
What type of elements are the ones that form covalent bonds?
Nonmetals
What does the dash represent here?
F -- F
1 pair of electrons (or 2 electrons)
True/False
Beryllium (Be) is more likely to gain electrons than lose electrons to have a stable full shell.
False
The following is the Lewis Structure for H2O, how many pairs of electrons do we count for the central atom?
4 (1 bond for each Hydrogen, 2 lone pair)
How does a neon light work?
A tube is filled with a noble gas, when the electricity is sent through the tube, the electrons of each atom gets excited and de-excited, sending out light with a specific color.
True/False
Covalent bonds are weaker than ionic bonds
True
What do you call the pairs of electrons that are not used in the bonds between atoms?
Lone pairs
Which column on the Periodic Table contains all elements that need to lose 3 electrons to have a table full shell.
3rd column (B, Al, Ga...)
What the Lewis Structure for CH4?
See teacher
What is VSEPR Theory?
The theory that electrons get repelled by other electrons in the bonds of two atoms, so this repulsion causes the bond to have a specific shape.