Category 1: ⚖️ Chemical Equilibrium
What do we call the state when the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate?
Chemical equilibrium
What is the rate of reaction?
The speed at which reactants are converted into products.
Name one factor that affects reaction rate.
Temperature, concentration, surface area, catalyst, or pressure (for gases).
Le Chatelier's Principle predicts how equilibrium responds to...
A change or stress.
Increasing pressure only affects equilibrium when which state of matter is involved?
Gases
True or False: At equilibrium, the reaction has stopped.
False
If a reaction happens very quickly, is its reaction rate high or low?
High
Increasing temperature usually makes reactions...
Faster
If more reactant is added, which direction does equilibrium shift?
Toward the products (right).
If pressure increases, equilibrium shifts toward the side with...
Fewer gas molecules.
At equilibrium, are the concentrations of reactants and products always equal?
No, they are constant but not necessarily equal.
During a reaction, what usually happens to the concentration of reactants?
It decreases.
Why does crushing a solid make it react faster?
It increases surface area.
If more product is added, which direction does equilibrium shift?
Toward the reactants (left).
For an exothermic reaction, increasing temperature shifts equilibrium toward...
The reactants (left).
Which type of container is needed to establish chemical equilibrium: open or closed?
Closed system
What happens to the concentration of products during a reaction?
It increases.
What is the role of a catalyst?
It speeds up a reaction without being consumed.
When equilibrium shifts, what is it trying to do?
Oppose the change and restore equilibrium.
For an endothermic reaction, increasing temperature shifts equilibrium toward...
The products (right).
If both the forward and reverse reactions continue to occur, what kind of equilibrium is this?
Dynamic equilibrium
Which reaction usually has a higher rate: burning paper or rusting iron?
Burning paper.
Why does increasing concentration often increase reaction rate?
There are more frequent collisions between particles.
True or False: A catalyst changes the position of equilibrium.
False. It only helps reach equilibrium faster.
What are the three changes studied in Le Chatelier's Principle?
Concentration, pressure, and temperature.