pH-anatic Facts
List two physical properties of matter.
A) Density and Odor
B) Density and Color
C) Density and Hardness
D) all of the above
D) all of the above
The force of attractions between atoms or ions that share electrons is a ____________ bond.
Chemical bond
TRUE or FALSE
A chemical equation represents a chemical formula.
FALSE.
It represents a chemical reaction.
How many electrons can fit in the second energy level of an atom?
Which of the following elements are NOT present in carbohydrates?
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Nitrogen
D) Nitrogen
What is radioactivity?
The release of energy from the decay of the nuclei of certain kinds of atoms and isotopes.
The ability to emit charged particles spontaneously.
What is the name of the scale that measures the strength of and acid or base?
What is the pH scale.
Which of the following describes a solution that has different parts you can see?
A) Homogeneous
B) Heterogeneous
C) Solvent
D) Solute
B) Heterogeneous
What is "the Law of Conservation of Energy."
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. The mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products.
What is an isotope?
An atom of a specific element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
What are the four classes of biochemical compounds?
A) Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, & Nucleic Acids
B) Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, & Vitamins
C) Carbohydrates, Lipids, Minerals, & Nucleic Acids
D) Carbohydrates, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, & Water
A) Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, & Nucleic Acids
Who discovered radioactivity?
Henri Becquerel
Which of the following is NOT a property of an acid?
A) Low pH valueB) Bitter taste
C) Reacts with metals
D) Conducts electricity
B) Bitter taste
Lipids (fats and oils) store energy and are made of what three elements?
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What is a synthesis reaction?
Two or more reactants that combine to form a single product.
EX: 2 H2 + O2 --> 2 H2O
A chemical bond occurs when atoms ________ and __________ valence electrons.
A) share and combine
B) share and transfer
C) give and keep
B) share and transfer
What is a biochemical compound?
How many radioactive elements are there?
38
Which is a property of an acid?
A) Sour taste
B) Conducts electricity
C) Produces Hydrogen gas when it reacts
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
There are ________ different common amino acids.
A) 20
B) 25
C) 100's
D) 1000's
A) 20
What is a Double Displacement reaction?
A reaction that occurs when two compounds exchange ions.
EX: AgNO3 + NaCl --> AgCl + NaNO3
What does an atom become if it LOSES electrons? *Looking for a specific name*
Which of the following elements is NOT a component of Nucleic Acids?
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Sulfur
D) Sulfur
What is half-life in radioactive decay?
In Boyles law which one is held constant?
A) Volume
B) Temperature
C) Pressure
B) Temperature
When a molecule (typically a hydrocarbon) has the maximum number of hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms, it is said to be *this* (think "full")
What is Saturated.
A chemical reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances is called a _____________ reaction.
Decomposition
What is a covalent bond?
Mass is the amount of ____________ in an object.
A) Weight
B) Force
C) Matter
C) Matter
What takes more energy to break down?
A) Organic compounds
B) Inorganic compounds
Inorganic compounds
The reaction of an acid and a base is called a ________________ Reaction.
Neutralization
B) Sodium (Na)
C) Oxygen (O)D) Nitrogen (N)
A) Carbon
What element needs to be present in order for a combustion reaction to form?
Oxygen (O2)
What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
Cation - Less electrons (positives)
Anions - More electrons (negative
The smallest particle of a compound that still has the compound's properties is called a ____________.
Molecule
What are three types of radioactive decay?
Alpha decay, Beta decay, and Gamma decay
What does a base produce when in water?
A) Negative Hydroxide ions (OH-)
B) Positive Hydrogen ions (H+)
A) Negative Hydroxide ions (OH-)
How many neutrons are in the most common isotope of hydrogen?
When a substance reacts quickly with Oxygen (O2) it is called a _______________ reaction.
Combustion
What role do Valence Electrons play in chemical bonding?
They are "shared" or "transferred" by two or more atoms creating a chemical bond.
Do organic compounds have low or high melting and boiling points?
Low
TRUE or FALSE.
Radioactive dating is the use of radioactive decay to estimate the ages of fossils and rocks.
TRUE.
An example is carbon-14 dating.
Pressure is defined as the amount of:
A) Mass
B) Volume
C) Force
C) Force
Who discovered the law of conservation of mass?
Antonie Lavoisier
What type of chemical reaction is represented by this chemical equation?
2 H2O --> 2 H2 + O2
A) SynthesisB) Decomposition
C) Single Displacement
D) Double Displacement
B) Decomposition
This type of bond forms between metals (that GIVE electrons) and nonmetals (that take electrons).
Butane is a ____________ hydrocarbon molecule.
A) Straight chain
B) Branched
C) Aromatic
A) Straight chain
What is the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?
Nuclear fission is the process of splitting a heavy atom into smaller atoms, while nuclear fusion is the process of combining two light atoms to form a heavier atom.
** Fission is splitting, Fusion is fusing **