Mixtures and Solutions
What is the main difference between a mixture and a compound?
A) Mixtures are chemically combined; compounds are not.
B) Mixtures do not keep their properties; compounds do.
C) Mixtures keep the properties of their individual components; compounds do not.
D) Compounds have distinct components that can be seen and sorted.
C) Mixtures keep the properties of their individual components; compounds do not.
Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
A) Burning wood
B) Cutting an onion
C) Rusting iron
D) Baking a cake
B) Cutting an onion
What does a chemical equation represent?
A) The number of atoms in a substance
B) The symbols of elements in a molecule
C) A shorthand way to describe a chemical reaction
D) The amount of energy released during a reaction
C) A shorthand way to describe a chemical reaction
What is a synthetic material?
A) A material that occurs naturally in the environment
B) A material made by humans through chemical reactions
C) A material found only in plants
D) A material that never changes in properties
B) A material made by humans through chemical reactions
what is formed due to a chemical reaction
product
Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
A) Honey
B) Milk
C) A plate of spaghetti with meatballs
D) Saltwater
C) A plate of spaghetti with meatballs
What is a key characteristic of a chemical change?
A) The substance keeps its original properties.
B) The appearance or form of the substance changes but not the substance itself.
C) New substances are formed, and bonds are broken or formed.
D) The substance remains unchanged, only its size or shape changes.
C) New substances are formed, and bonds are broken or formed.
In a chemical equation, what does the arrow (→) represent?
A) The direction of energy flow
B) "Yields" or "reacts to form"
C) The number of molecules involved
D) The time required for the reaction
B) "Yields" or "reacts to form"
What is a polymer?
A) A type of synthetic plastic used in packaging
B) A long chain of molecules made up of repeating units called monomers
C) A chemical reaction used to create synthetic fibers
D) A pure substance that cannot be synthesized
B) A long chain of molecules made up of repeating units called monomers
anything occurring naturally in the environment that humans use
natural resource
DAILY DOUBLE
What is the key characteristic of a colloid?
A) The particles are evenly spread out and cannot be seen.
B) The particles are large enough to be seen without a microscope but do not settle.
C) The particles settle to the bottom if left undisturbed.
D) The mixture is a solution that has the same properties throughout.
B) The particles are large enough to be seen without a microscope but do not settle.
Which of the following is an example of an exothermic reaction?
A) Baking soda and vinegar reacting together
B) Cooking an egg on a stove
C) Burning natural gas to cook food
D) Ice melting
C) Burning natural gas to cook food
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
A) The total mass of the reactants is always less than the total mass of the products.
B) Matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
C) The mass of the products is always greater than the mass of the reactants.
D) Mass is created during chemical reactions.
B) Matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction.
What is the main advantage of synthetic fibers over natural fibers?
A) Synthetic fibers are biodegradable and break down easily
B) Synthetic fibers are more expensive to produce than natural fibers
C) Synthetic fibers last longer, dry faster, and clean more easily than natural fibers
D) Synthetic fibers are always stronger than natural fibers
C) Synthetic fibers last longer, dry faster, and clean more easily than natural fibers
the part of the solution that is usually present in the largest amount
solvent
Which of the following is an example of a solution?
A) Muddy river water
B) A bowl of salad
C) Grape juice
D) Oil and vinegar salad dressing
C) Grape juice
What is the main effect of increasing temperature on a chemical reaction?
A) It slows down the reaction.
B) It decreases the energy required for the reaction.
C) It speeds up the reaction by making particles move faster and collide more often.
D) It stops the reaction completely.
C) It speeds up the reaction by making particles move faster and collide more often.
What is an example of a situation where a chemical reaction occurs in an open system?
A) A sealed jar with a plant inside where gases cannot escape
B) Photosynthesis in a plant, where carbon dioxide enters and oxygen leaves
C) A closed container of water where no particles can escape
D) A chemical reaction in a laboratory with a sealed glass container
B) Photosynthesis in a plant, where carbon dioxide enters and oxygen leaves
Which of the following is a synthetic material used in food products to prevent spoilage?
A) Natural sugar
B) Salt
C) preservatives
D) Vanilla beans
C) preservatives
the measure of how much something is dissolved
solubility
How does temperature generally affect the solubility of solid solutes in a solvent?
A) Raising the temperature decreases the solubility of solid solutes.
B) Raising the temperature has no effect on solubility.
C) Raising the temperature increases the solubility of solid solutes.
D) Solubility is not affected by temperature.
C) Raising the temperature increases the solubility of solid solutes.
Which of the following factors can slow down a chemical reaction?
A) Increasing temperature
B) Adding a catalyst
C) Decreasing concentration of reactants
D) Increasing surface area of reactants
C) Decreasing concentration of reactants
Why is a closed system better for measuring the movement of matter in chemical reactions?
A) It allows matter to freely enter and escape, making measurements easier.
B) It prevents gases from entering or leaving, allowing scientists to better track the mass of reactants and products.
C) It restricts the movement of matter to maintain a constant temperature.
D) It is smaller, so it makes reactions happen faster.
B) It prevents gases from entering or leaving, allowing scientists to better track the mass of reactants and products.
Why are synthetic fuels being developed?
A) To replace natural gases like carbon dioxide
B) To find alternative sources of energy as petroleum supplies decrease
C) To create more synthetic fibers for clothing
D) To eliminate the need for renewable energy sources
B) To find alternative sources of energy as petroleum supplies decrease
the part of the solution that is dissolved by the solvent
solute