Perm Essentials
length of hair is best suited for the overlap technique of perming?
What is short to medium
A technique used on natural, untreated hair to straighten the hair up to 85% is the
What is virgin relaxer service
Today, curl reformation products have been reformulated and are often known as
what is "dry-curl systems"
What is Garrett A. Morgan credited with developing?
What is straightener for human hair
The reducing agent in the chemical phase of perming is the
what is perm solution
How many turns of the rod should be made when doing a preliminary strand test for a curl reforming service?
What is 1½-2 turns of the rod
It is not recommend to combine curl reformation services with color services that require
What is lightener/bleach
What is applied to reharden and fix hair into a new wavy or curly shape?
What is warm water
What was the pH of early relaxer products?
What is 14
What influences how a barber will distribute the hair before wrapping a perm?
What is the direction the client will wear their hair
In what year was the first cold wave created?
What is 1938
What refers to loosening or reducing the hair's existing curly or tightly curled texture?
What is relaxing
What base control is generally used for the curl reforming process?
What is 1 diameter (1x) half-off
It is recommended that not more than what percent of the natural texture be removed when relaxing the hair?
What is 85%
What are the two basic wrapping techniques for rotating strands around a perm tool?
What are spiral and overlap
The physical phase of perming is
What is wrapping the hair around a perm rod
What is the main ingredient found in curl rearrangers?
What is ammonium thioglycolate
What is applied during the chemical phase of perming that allows the protein chains to assume the shape of the perm rod?
What is perm solution
A technique used to loosen or relax tightly curled hair patterns by approximately 50% of their natural shape is called
What is curl diffusion or chemical blow-out
What type of test is performed to determine whether the hair is relaxed to the desired degree?
What is a comb test
What is the term that means to fix (neutralize) the chemical bonds and lock in the new curl pattern when performing curl reformation?
What is rebond
Jheri Redding was the co-founder of
Who is Redken
What type of perm from the early 1970s had instructions that called for adding heat by placing a plastic cap on a client's head and then placing it under a heated dryer?
What is endothermic perm
In the early 1900s, the temporary method of hair relaxing was conceived by
Who is Madam C.J. Walker
During a curl reforming service, what size parting should be used?
What is thinner than normal