Atomic Structure
What is the smallest unit of matter that can participate in a chemical reaction?
Atom
What type of bond involves sharing valence electrons?
Covalent
What is anything that has mass and occupies space?
Matter
Which substance releases hydrogen ions
Acid
Which biomolecule includes sugars, starches, and glycogen?
Carbohydrates
An atom has 6 protons. What element is it?
Carbon
What type of bond involves transferring valence electrons from one atom to another?
Ionic
What type of energy is stored energy?
Potential energy
Which substance releases hydroxide ions?
Base
What is the primary building block of proteins?
Amino acids
An atom has 8 protons and 10 neutrons. What is its atomic mass number?
18
Two substances combine to create one more complex substance. What type of chemical reaction?
Synthesis
What type of energy is energy of motion?
Kinetic energy
What forms when an acid reacts with a base?
Salt
What is the body's most concentrated energy source according to the lecture?
Triglycerides
Two atoms are the same element, but one has more neutrons than the other. What are they called?
Isotopes
A complex substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances. What reaction?
Decomposition
A muscle uses stored chemical energy to produce movement. What two types of energy are being connected?
Chemical energy -> kinetic energy
A substance separates into positively and negatively charged ions when dissolved in water. What general category does the lecture place acids, bases, and salts into?
Electrolytes
An athlete needs a molecule that can help with muscle contraction. Which major organic compound category should you think of?
Protein
An atom has an unstable outer electron shell and is highly likely to interact with another atom. What property of the atom is causing this behavior?
Valence Electrons/Outer electron shell
A reaction breaks apart two complex substances and then combines their components into two new substances. What type of reaction?
Exchange3
A chemical bond is formed. According to the lecture, what generally happens to energy?
Energy is required
The body must keep acids, bases, and salts balanced in order to maintain what?
Homeostasis
A molecule is composed of nitrogenous bases, sugars, and phosphate groups and functions to store and transmit genetic information. What type of biomolecule is it?
Nucleic acid