Chemical Relaxers
The relaxer most used by professionals
What is hydroxide relaxers
The proper placement of bands for a perm rod
What is on the top
The wrapping technique that provides the most control over hair ends
What is a double flat wrap
What is potential Hydrogen
The process that permanently rearranges curly hair's structure into a straighter or smoother form
What is chemical hair relaxing
The active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers
What is Hydroxide ion
The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves
What is ammonium thioglycolate
To change the natural wave pattern of hair, the side bond of what layer of hair must be broken
What is the cortex
Most alkaline permanent waves have a pH between
What is 9.0 to 9.6
Caution should be used with on-base rod placement to avoid
What is stress and tension on the hair
Hair that has too many broken disulfide bonds and will not hold a firm curl
What is overprocessed
The double-rod wrap technique is also called
What is piggyback wrap
Rods that are equal in diameter along their entire length
What are straight rods
Waves that are activated from an outside heat source
What is endothermic
All acid waves have these three components
What is a permanent waving lotion, neutralizer and an activator
The type of relaxer that has a lower pH and is best suited for clients that have scalp sensitivities
What are No-lye relaxers
The majority of the processing for permanent waving occurs
What is within 5 to 10 minutes
Used to prevent fishhooks in a perm
What are end papers
When a perm is processed correctly, it breaks and rebuilds _____ percent of the hair's disulfide bonds
What is 50%
The texture service that works best for clients with highly textured hair who want controlled frizz and the option of wearing curls or straight hair
What is a keratin based smoothing treatment
Relaxers that can contain only one component and are used without mixing
What are metal hydroxide relaxers
When the hair is curlier at the scalp and straighter at the ends is an indication of what?
What is overprocessed hair
The perm wrapping method where the hair is wound from ends to scalp
What is the croquignole method
Hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair by removing one of the bonded sulfur atoms in a disulfide bond. What is this process called
What is lanthionization
In the restructuring process, coarse, resistant hair with a strong compact cuticle requires a chemical solution that is
What is highly alkaline