1
What two properties distinguish one type of electromagnetic radiation from another?
Wavelength and frequency
In the equation \(c=\lambda\nu\) the symbol \(\lambda\) represents __________.
Wavelength
What is the name of the process in which an electron gains energy and moves to a higher energy level?
Excitation
What is a discrete packet of light energy called?
Photon
What principle limits the simultaneous precision of a particle's position and momentum?
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
Which visible color has the longest wavelength?
A. Violet
B. Blue
C. Green
D. Red
D. Red
If a photon has a frequency of \(2.0\times10^{14}\text{ Hz}\) what is its energy? Use \(h=6.626\times10^{-34}\text{ J}\cdot\text{s}\).
A. \(1.33\times10^{-19}\text{ J}\)
B. \(3.31\times10^{-20}\text{ J}\)
C. \(1.33\times10^{-48}\text{ J}\)
D. \(3.00\times10^8\text{ J}\)
A. \(1.33\times10^{-19}\text{ J}\)
Why do heated gases emit particular colors instead of every possible wavelength?
A. Electrons can occupy only certain allowed energy levels.
B. Protons release all the energy in the atom.
C. All gases have identical electron energy levels.
D. The prism creates new energy inside the gas.
A. Electrons can occupy only certain allowed energy levels.
What term describes the idea that light and matter can behave as both waves and particles?
Wave-particle duality
Which branch of physics is most appropriate for describing electron behavior inside atoms?
A. Classical mechanics
B. Quantum mechanics
C. Thermodynamics only
D. Geometric optics only
B. Quantum mechanics
The maximum displacement of a wave from its resting position is its __________.
Amplitude
What is the SI unit for the energy of a photon?
Joule
When white light passes through a prism, it separates into its component __________.
Colors / wavelengths
In the de Broglie equation, wavelength equals Planck's constant divided by the particle's __________.
Momentum (mass x velocity)
The product of mass and velocity is called __________.
Momentum
Which type of radiation has the shortest wavelength?
A. Microwaves
B. Infrared
C. X-rays
D. Gamma rays
D. Gamma rays
A photon has a frequency of \(9.0\times10^{14}\text{ Hz}\) What happens to its energy if the frequency is reduced to one-third of its original value?
A. Its energy triples.
B. Its energy becomes one-third as large.
C. Its energy remains unchanged.
D. Its energy becomes nine times larger.
B. Its energy becomes one-third as large.
The unique pattern of emitted wavelengths produced by an element is its atomic __________ spectrum.
Emission
Two particles have equal momentum. Particle A has twice the wavelength of particle B. Which conclusion follows from the de Broglie relationship?
A. Particle A has twice the momentum.
B. Particle B has twice the momentum.
C. The stated wavelengths cannot differ if their momenta are equal.
D. Both particles must have equal mass and velocity separately.
C. The stated wavelengths cannot differ if their momenta are equal.
Which two properties cannot both be known with unlimited precision at the same time?
Position and momentum
Which sequence correctly orders these types of radiation from lowest to highest frequency?
A. Infrared, visible, ultraviolet
B. Ultraviolet, visible, infrared
C. Visible, infrared, ultraviolet
D. Infrared, ultraviolet, visible
A. Infrared, visible, ultraviolet
Calculate the frequency of radiation with a wavelength of \(1.50\times10^{-6}\text{ m}\) . Use \(c=3.00\times10^8\text{ m/s}\).
\(2.00\times10^{14}\text{ Hz}\)
An electron falls from a high energy level to a much lower energy level. Compared with a smaller energy drop, the emitted photon will have:
A. A lower frequency
B. A longer wavelength
C. A higher frequency
D. No energy
C. A higher frequency
An object's momentum increases while Planck's constant remains unchanged. What happens to its de Broglie wavelength?
A. It increases.
B. It decreases.
C. It remains constant.
D. It becomes equal to the speed of light.
B. It decreases.
Who developed the uncertainty principle?
Werner Heisenberg