Matter
The scientific study of matter, the physical and chemical changes affecting matter and the energy that accompany those processes?
What is Chemistry?
A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when placed in water because it donates, or releases, H+ ions
what is an acid
Formed when two or more compounds are blended mechanically, rather than chemically creating a new overall product but still retaining the separate chemical characteristics of the components
what is a mixture
known as a cleansing agent or surface active agent used to remove any oil/dirt
what are surfactants
An oil and oil-soluable substance used to provide a protective coating on the skin to seal in moisture and prevent water loss
what are emollients
Indicates how many protons are in a single atom
What is Atomic Numbers
Refers to a product with a pH from 4.5 to 5.5
what is pH balanced
mixture of two or more kinds of molecules that are incapable of being mixed together
what is a suspension
natural or synthetic ingredient that is added to personal care products to prevent spoilage, whether from microbial growth or undesirable chemical changes
what are preservatives
Refers to the size of the particles being delivered
Compounds consisting of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, & nitrogen that join together in chains to form proteins
what are amino acids
A positively charged ion
what is a cation
formed when two or more non-mixable substances are united with the help of a binder or gum-like substance
what is an emulsion
ingredient used to prevent oxidation in cells, reduce free radicals, and protect delicate skin structures
what are anitoxidants/vitamins
small oblong or spherical capsules that require friction to release the performance ingredients. Can deliver both hydrophilic and lipophilic ingredients within one product
what is microcapsule
When a substance loses an electron and oxygen is acquired
What is oxidation
What is an alkali
used to remove excess cleanser, deliver antibacterial ingredients, smooth the skin and rebalance skin's pH
what is an astringent
botanicals, antioxidants/vitamins, essential oils, acid/enzymes, retinoids, brighteners, and peptide are considered what
what are performance ingredients
Mixtures of two or more kinds of substances, evenly dispersed and mixable; solutions do not separate when left standing
what is a solution
These elements are components of major biological molecules
A negatively charged ion
what is an anion
creates a physical barrier on the skin and reflects UV rays
what is physical sunscreen
federal food, drug, and cosmetic act (FD&C Act)
Fair packaging and labeling act (FPLA)
Biochemical compounds, such as triglycerides, fats, and steroids, that form components that fill the intercellular spaces in the skin
what are lipids