Unit 1: Scientific Process and Matter
A point where matter is in all three phases (solid, liquid, gas) at the same time
What is the triple point?
Element properties depend on environmental conditions
What are metalloids?
Electrons, protons, neutrons
What are subatomic particles?
Electrons found in the highest occupied energy level
What are valence electrons?
Electron configuration for Y (shorthand)
What is [Kr]5s24d1?
The movement of matter from solid phase to gas phase
What is sublimation?
The measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another
What is precision?
Hypothesized that atom is mostly empty space, all positively charged particles and most mass is concentrated in central region: the nucleus
Who is Ernest Rutherford?
Held together by electrostatic force related to opposing charges, form lattices and are known as salts
What are ionic bonds?
EM radiation is emitted when an electron drops back to a lower energy level, bands of color correspond to 1 exact frequency of light emitted, acts as an elemental fingerprint
What is atomic emission spectra?
Filtration, evaporation, and distillation
What are methods to separate mixtures?
Sig figs in 0.56320
What is 5?
Atoms with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons
What are isotopes?
Energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms
What is bond dissociation energy?
Organized the elements based on increasing atomic number
Who is Henry Moseley?
These describe a substance’s potential to go through a chemical change
What are chemical properties?
Ratio of mass to volume
What is density?
What is the Bohr Model?
Type II Cations, Polyatomics, Acids
What are extra types of ionic bonds?
There is a periodic repetition of physical and chemical properties of elements (common properties in groups)
What is Periodic Law?
All matter consists of tiny particles in motion
What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory?
Organized the elements based on increasing atomic mass
Who is Dmitri Mendeleev?
It is impossible to know both the speed and location of electrons at the same time
What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
Polar molecules are attracted to each other
What are dipole interactions?
Model determines how likely it is to find electrons in various locations around a nucleus — model used today
What is the Quantum Mechanical Model?