Unit 1 - Atomic Theory
The mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products. (Balanced Equations)
What is the Conservation of Mass?
How many atoms are there in 3 moles of Copper?
What is 1.807x10^24?
What is diatomic?
The study of the interchange of the chemical and electrical energy.
What is Electrochemistry?
A procedure used in chemistry to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base using a neutralization reaction and Stoichiometry.
What is Titration?
Electrons exist in a series of allowed orbits called energy levels. Electrons can jump between energy levels by absorbing and emitting photons carrying an amount of energy that equals the difference between the energy levels of the electrons.
What is Neil's Bohr's Model?
6.02x10^23
What is Avogadro's Constant?
Nomenclature: PBr3
Phosphorous Tribromide
The oxidation numbers of the atoms in NH4+.
What is N=-3 and H=+1?
A calibrated tube used to deliver variable known volumes of a solution during a titration.
What is a burette?
Electrons excited to higher energy levels emit light when they fall back down.
The amount of moles in a sample of CO2 that is made up of 5.83x10^24 molecules?
What is 9.68mol?
Trend in electronegativity as you move from left to right on the periodic table.
What is increasing?
The Oxidation Number of FeCl3.
What is Fe=3+ and Cl=1-?
The solution in the burette during the titration (most often the solution of known concentration).
What is a Titrant?
One is produced when atoms release energy and one is produced when atoms absorb energy. One is comprised of colored lines in the spectrum and the other is comprised of dark lines of gaps in the spectrum.
What is the difference between the Emission Spectra and the Absorption Spectra.
I am calculated by adding all the relative atomic masses of the molecule.
What is Molecular mass?
The number of covalent bonds an atom can form.
The effect on the oxidation number when electrons are gained.
What is decreasing?
The point in a titration when the quantity of acid has exactly neutralized the quantity of base.
What is the equivalence point?
Can be used in fire works, neon signs and street lights.
What are the Applications of Emission Spectrum.
What is the mass?
An unequal sharing of electrons in a bond, such that the electrons tend to spend more time with the more electronegative atom then the other.
What is Polar Covalent?
Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq) = Cu (s) + ZnSO4 (aq)
Identify the Spectator Ions.
A substance that changes color in the presence of acid or basic solutions.
All mater is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Each atom is made up of smaller sub-atomic particles. (Protons, Neutrons and Electrons)
What is Modern Atomic Theory?
The Molar Mass of CuSO4.
What is 159.609g/mol?
Has an electronegativity difference of 0.2.
What is Non-Polar Covalent?
A device that converts chemical energy from redox reactions into electrical energy.
What is a Galvanic cell?
The measure of the amount of Hydronium Ions in a solution.
What is PH?
What is John Dalton's Solid Sphere Model?
Mass divided by Molar Mass.
What is the number of Moles?
A molecule where an uneven distribution of electrons causes one end to be positively charged and one end to be negatively charged.
What is a Polar Molecule?
The electrode on a Galvanic cell where oxidation occurs.
Both acids and bases ionize/dissociate in aqueous solution.
What is the Arrhenius Theory of Acids and Bases?
Won a Nobel Prize in 1897 for the discovery of electrons.
Who is J. J. Thompson?
Divide the number of moles by Avogadro's Constant.
What is the Number of Particles?
Forces of electrostatic attraction within a molecule.
What is Intramolecular Force?
Maintains the neutral charge in the half-cells by allowing negative ions to migrate towards the anode and positive ions to migrate towards the cathode.
What is a salt-bridge?
Hydrogen containing compounds that ionize in water to increase the H+ concentration in a solution.
What are Arrhenius Acids?
Proved there was a positive charge in the Nucleus of the atom.
Who is Earnest Rutherford?
The number of molecules in 10 moles of H2O.
What is 6.02x10^24 molecules of H2O?
An Intermolecular Force that occurs between two Polar Molecules having dipoles.
What are Dipole-Dipole Forces?
Also known as electromotive force.
What is Cell Potential?
A substance that can remove a proton (H+ Ion) from an Acid.
What are Bronsted-Lowry bases?
Proved that electrons do not move in set paths around the nucleus, but in waves. Claimed their positions are uncertain and instead we have "clouds of probability," where we are most likely to find them.
Who is Erwin Schrodinger?
The number of moles in 163g NaF.
What is 3.88 moles?
An Intermolecular force that occurs between Hydrogen atoms of one molecule and a highly electronegative atoms in another.
What are Hydrogen Bonds?
An external energy that powers a non-spontaneous reaction.
What is Electrolysis?
Compounds that can act as either an acid or a base in different chemical reactions.
What is Amphoteric?
I am the sum of the number of protons and neutrons.
What is the mass number?
The amount of grams in 1.80 moles of Mg(OH)2.
What is 105g?
Molecules that have the same molecular formula, but the atoms are bonded together in a different sequence.
What are Constitutional Isomers?
A mixture of metals, and sometimes other elements, such as carbon (used to make steel).
What is an alloy?
Determined by the concentration of H+ ions in a solution.
What is Acid strength?
I have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
What is an isotope?
The percent of mass of each element in a compound.
What is Percent Composition?
A Hydrocarbon with all Carbon-Carbon single bonds.
The deterioration of metals as a result of oxidation.
What is Corrosion?
Determined by the concentration of OH- ions in a solution.
What is base strength?
I am a metal with more then one charge.
What is multivalent?
The percent composition of a compound that contains 84.05g of Carbon, 5.00g of Hydrogen, 42.02g of Nitrogen, and 96.08g of Oxygen.
What is 37% Carbon, 2.20% Hydrogen, 18.50% Nitrogen, and 42.30% Oxygen?
The longest continuous chain or ring of carbon atoms.
What is the Parent Chain?
Moisture, dissolved electrolytes, contact with less reactive metals, and mechanical stress.
What are the factors that affect the rate of corrosion?
Formula for determining PH.
What is -log(H+)?
I am a negatively charged ion.
What is an Anion?
A compound always contains the same proportions of elements by mass.
What is the Law of Definite Proportions?
The removal of two atoms/groups to form a double bond.
What is an Elimination Reaction?
An equation representing either an oxidation or a reduction including the number of electrons lost or gained.
What is a Half-Reaction?
The pOH of a solution at 25 degrees C, with a hydroxide concentration of 3.2x10^-10mol/L.
What is 9.49?
This element has 2 orbits and 5 valence electrons.
What is Nitrogen?
Reactants that are used up first in a chemical reaction.
What are limiting reagents?
The Molecular Formula for Benzene.
What is C6H6?
A piece of Aluminum wire is placed in a Copper(II) Sulfate Solution. Write the half-reactions.
What is 2Al (s) + 6e = 2Al3+ (aq) and 3Cu2+ (aq) + 6e = 3Cu (s)?
Water that contains dissolved calcium, magnesium, and iron ions.
What is Hard Water?