Atomic Bases
What is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element?
Atom
What subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Name 5 group names in the Periodic Table in order.
1. Alkali metals
2. Alkaline earth metals
3. Transition metals
7. Halogen
8. Noble Gases
How many electrons can the 3rd energy level hold for an element with a proton number more than 20?
18
Which group in the periodic table contains the noble gases?
Group 18 /Group 0 / Group VIII
What is the atomic mass of an element?
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
What particle is found in the nucleus and has no charge?
Neutrons
What do elements in the same group have in common?
The same number of valence electrons
What is the electron configuration of sulfide ion (atomic number of sulfur = 16)?
2.8.8
What are the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table called?
Alkali metals
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
Which subatomic particle is responsible for the chemical behavior of an atom?
Electron
How are elements in the Periodic Table arranged?
By increasing proton number
What is the noble gas configuration for a calcium (Ca2+) ion?
2.8.8
What is the main difference between metals and nonmetals?
Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity, while nonmetals are poor conductors.
An element has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. How many neutrons does it have?
18 (atomic mass - atomic number = 35 - 17 = 18)
State the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in an ion of potassium (K).
K+ ion has 18 electrons, 19 protons and 20 neutrons.
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
What determines the number of energy levels(orbitals) of an element?
The position of the element in the Periodic Table
Why do elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar chemical properties?
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons, which determine how they bond and react with other elements.
Chlorine has two main isotopes, Cl-35 and Cl-37. If Cl-35 has a higher abundance, what is the approximate atomic mass of chlorine?
About 35.5
What is the mass and charge of a proton, neutron and an electron?
Mass of a proton is 1 and positive, mass of a neutron is 1 and no charge while the mass of an electron 1/1840 and negative.
Explain why does sodium and bromine both have a valency of 1 but form ions with different charges?
Sodium needs to lose 1 electron to have a complete outer shell forming a positive ion while bromine needs to gain 1 electron to have a complete outer shell forming a negative ion.
What is the main reason why noble gases have a stable electronic configuration?
They have a complete outer shell of electrons
Why is graphite soft and slippery?
Weak forces between the layers allows the layers to slide