Atoms
What are the subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What is an ionic bond?
The transferring of electrons from one atom to another (Hook-up).
What ions do acids release?
Hydrogen ions (H+).
What are the four elements that make up 96% of living matter.
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
What are the charges of each subatomic particle?
Proton- Positive
Neutron- Neutral
Electron- Negative
What is a covalent bond?
The sharing of electrons between atoms. (Marriage)
What ions do bases release?
Hydroxide ions (OH-).
What is normal range for human pH?
7.35-7.45
How many electrons can fit in the first electron shell?
2
What is a hydrogen bond?
Weak attraction between two dipoles. (Acquaintance) Causes surface tension in water.
What is disassociation?
The release of ions in the presence of water.
What are electrolytes?
Acids, bases, and salts that disassociate in water.
What is radioactivity?
When an atom has more neutrons than protons, causing the atom to become unstable. Decomposes and releases energy as radiation.
What are the types of covalent bonds?
Equal sharing creates a polar covalent bond while unequal sharing creates a nonpolar covalent bond.
What is considered acidic pH?
1-6.99
What are synthesis and decomposition?
Synthesis is when two or more reactants combine to form a single product.
A + B → AB
Decomposition is when a single reactant is broken down into two or more products.
AB → A + B
What can an element's atomic number tell you about the element?
How many protons and electrons it has.
What happens to the atoms that lose and gain electrons through an ionic bond?
The atom that lost an electron becomes a cation(+) and the atom that gained it becomes an anion(-).
What is considered basic pH?
7.01-14