Chemical reactions
This type of reaction features a single compound breaking down into two or more simpler substances.
What is a decomposition reaction?
This fundamental chemical unit represents 6.022 x 10^23 particles of a substance.
This is the strongest type of intermolecular force that occurs between molecules containing, nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine bonded to a certain light element.
What is a hydrogen bond?
This term describes a chemical reaction or process that releases heat into its surroundings.
What is exothermic?
Elements found in group 18 of the periodic table, such as helium and neon, are known by this unreactive family name.
What are the noble gases?
This type of reaction occurs when an element reacts with oxygen gas, often releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat.
To convert the mass of one substance tot he mass of another in a chemical reaction, you must use this ratio derived from the balanced equation.
What is the mole ratio?
Present in all molecules, these weak, temporary forces arise from the constant motion of electrons creating instantaneous dipoles.
What is London Dispersion Forces?
Represented by the symbol H, this thermodynamic property is a measure of the total heat content of a system at constant pressure.
What is enthalpy?
This periodic trend describes an atom's ability to attract shared electrons in a chemical bond, which generally increases as you move from left to right across a period.
What is electronegativity?
According to this fundamental law, a chemical equation must be balanced because matter cannot be created or destroyed.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
This is the term for the reactant that is completely consumed first in a reaction dictating the amount of product that can form.
What is the limiting reactant?
This property, which causes water to form droplets, is defined as the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid.
What is surface tension?
This device is insulated to prevent heat exchange with the outside environment and is used to measure the heat flow of a chemical process.
What is a calorimeter?
Moving down a group on the periodic table, atomic radius generally increases due to the addition of these.
What are electron shells?
This term describes an insoluble solid that emerges from a liquid solution during a double-replacement reaction.
What is a precipitate?
Calculated by dividing the actual yield by theoretical yield and multiplying by 100, it measures the efficiency of a reaction.
What is percent yield?
This term describes a liquids resistance to flow, which increases as the strength of its intermolecular forces increases.
What is viscosity?
This fundamental low of thermochemistry states that the total enthalpy change for a reaction is the same whether is occurs in one step or a series of steps.
What is Hess's Law?
This is the specific name given to the elements occupying group 2 of the periodic table.
What are the alkaline earth metals?
This rule or series ranks metals by their reactivity and is used to predict whether a single-displacement reaction will occur.
What is the activity series?
At standard temperature and pressure (STP), this is the volume, in liters, occupied by exactly one mole of any ideal gas.
What is 22.4 liters?
This is the temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the external atmospheric pressure, it is exceptionally high in substances with strong intermolecular forces.
What is the boiling point?
This is the specific amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
What is specific heat capacity?
When a neutral atom loses electron stop become this type of positively charged ion, its radius becomes significantly smaller.
What is a cation?