Chemical Kinetics
What is the study of rates of reactions and the pathway taken during the reaction?
chemical kinetics
What is a substance that increases the rate of reaction without being consumed?
catalyst
What is the name of a reaction that can go both ways?
reversible reaction
What is solvation called when water is the solvent?
hydration
What rule of thumb describes if something will dissolve in something else?
like dissolves like
What is defined as a change in concentration over change in time.
reaction rate
What is a biological catalyst called?
enzyme
What kind of equilibrium is chemical equilibrium?
dynamic equilibrium
The amount of solute present in a saturated solution is the ___ of the solute?
solubility
List 2 colligative properties.
Vapor pressure, freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, electrolytes, osmotic pressure
What kind of molecule orientaton produces reactions?
favorable orientation
What kind of catalyst is in a different stage phase than the reactants?
heterogeneous
What is any factor that affects either the foward or reverse reaction rate called?
stress
An increase in temperature will do what to the solubility of gases?
decrease it
What is the substance that is being suspended in a colloid?
dispersed substance
What theory says that the greater the frequency and the greater the energy of collisions between reactant molecules, the greater the rate of reaction will be?
collision theory
What is the short-lived, high-energy, unstable arrangement of atoms that is present when reactants are combining?
activated complex
What is the set of rules used to determine the direction in which a given stress will cause an equilibrium to shift?
Le Chatelier's principle
What is a long molecule with polar and nonpolar ends?
soap
What kind of colloid is a gas dispersed in ether a solid or a liquid?
foam
What is the minimum enegy a molecule must have in order to react?
activation energy
What is the name of the slowest step with the highest activation energy in a reaction mechanism?
rate-determining step
What letter is used to represent the equilibrium constant?
K
What is the equilibrium constant for a solution equilibrium called?
solubility product constant
When discussing reaction rate, a general rule of thumb is that for every ____ degrees C rise in temperature, the reaction rate doubles.
10