Groups of Elements
What are the characteristics of Halogens?
all nonmetals
very reactive
poor conductors
What is an Ion?
An atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons.
Where are the Noble Gases located?
Column 8A
The "A" numbers = # of _____ ______ for the elements in each column
Valence Electrons
Do two positively charged particles attract each other or repel each other?
+ +
Repel each other
<---- ---->
What are the characteristics of Noble Gases?
all nonmetals
nonreactive
colorless gases
What is Electronegativity?
How strongly an atom attracts a pair of electrons to itself when bonded with another atom.
Where are the Halogens located?
Column 7A
The numbers to the left of the PT = # of ____ _____ for the elements in each row
energy levels
Do two negatively charged particles attract or repel each other?
- -
Repel each other
<---- ---->
What are the characteristics of Transition Metals?
moderately reactive
good conductors
high densities & melting points
What are Valence Electrons?
The electrons located in the outermost energy level of an atom.
Where are the Transition Metals located?
Short Middle Section
What moves left to right or top to bottom in a periodic table?
Ionic Radius
Does a positive particle and negative particle attract or repel each other?
+ -
Attract each other
----> <----
What are the characteristics of Alkaline Earth Metals?
reactive - less than the alkali metals
more dense than the alkali metals
silver
What is Atomic Radius?
The distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost energy level of an atom.
Where are the Alkaline Earth Metals located?
Column 2A
As you move down the periodic table, what increases?
The Atomic Radius
Oppositely charged particles (positive and negative) are attracted or repelled to one another?
+ -
Attracted to each other
----> <----
What are the characteristics of Alkali Metals?
very reactive
low density (soft)
silver and shiny
What is Ionization Energy?
The amount of energy needed to remove one valence electron from an atom.
Where are the Alkali Metals located?
Column 1A
As you move left to right across the periodic, what decreases?
The Atomic Radius
Particles with like charge (two positives or two negatives) are attracted or repelled from one another?
+ + - -
Repelled from one another
<---- ---->