Chapter 1
In the mid-1980s, Scientists detected thin areas in the ozone layer over this continent
What is Antarctica?
This is the systematic approach to problem solving
What is Dimensional analysis
This is the gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or liquid at room temperature
What is vapor?
He was the first person to propose the idea that matter was not infinitely divisible, but made up of individual particles called atomos.
Who is Democritus?
This is the shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave.
What is wavelength?
This is the measurement that reflects the amount of matter.
What is mass?
This is the ratio of equivalent values having different units
What is a conversion factor?
These characteristics can be observed or measured without changing the sample’s composition.
What are physical properties?
This person modernized the idea of the “atom” in the early 1800s based on numerous chemical reactions.
Who is John Dalton?
(3.00 × 108 m/s) is the value of this
What is the speed of light?
This is the measure of mass and the force of gravity on an object
What is weight?
This refers to how close a measured value is to an accepted value
What is accuracy?
This law states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, it is conserved.
What is the law of conservation of mass?
This is the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element
What is an atom?
This is the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom.
What is a quantum?
This is the systematic approach used in scientific study, whether it is chemistry, physics, biology, or another science.
What is the scientific method?
This is defined as the difference between and experimental value and an accepted value.
What is error?
This is the combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties
What is a mixture?
This person used the oil-drop apparatus shown below to determine the charge of an electron.
Who is Robert Millikan?
This is when electrons are emitted from a metal’s surface when light of a certain frequency shines on it.
What is the photoelectric effect?
This is the relationship in nature that is supported by many experiments, and no exceptions to these relationships are found
What is scientific law?
These are visual displays of data that makes trends easier to see than in a table.
What are graphs?
This technique for homogenous mixtures that results in the formation of pure solid particles from a solution containing the dissolved substance
What is Crystallization?
This type of radiation has a negative charge and emits beta particles
What is beta radiation?
This principle states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same energy level orbitals.
What is Hund's rule?