PH
what do acids taste like? and what do alkalis taste like?
acids taste sour
alkalis taste bitter
What is the difference between organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry?
organic- deals with matter this is now living or was living with carbon present
inorganic- all matter not alive and never will be, no carbon present
Which mask type is made of cellulose and infused with active ingredients such as collagen or skin brighteners?
a sheet mask
What are the two types of non-setting masks?
cream
gel
What is microsponge delivery system?
patented delivery system that is non-irritating, non-toxic and non-biodegradable. Effective at releasing product over time and is the preferred method for manufacturers.
a solution is acidic if it has more_____?
positive hydrogen atoms OH+
Name a chemical that can be done within a facial service and explain
Galvanic- saponification
what is the difference between "organic products" and "natural products"?
organic products are made of ingredients that have no herbicides, pesticides, or genetic modification.
natural products are botanical ingredients and are minimally processed
note: there is no regulations on the term "natural"
How is the order determined for ingredients listed on a product label?
by weight concentration
What is nanotechnology and what is a concern with it?
nanotechnology refers to particle size of a product being micronized (made smaller), the concern it that the particles could then enter the bloodstream
acidity
Whats the difference between compounds and mixtures?
compound- created chemically by uniting two different elements
mixtures- materials made up of two or more substances that are mixed but not combined chemically
Which toning products range from strong to mild and have temporary face tightening effects. They are good for all skin types and help with texture and aging?
Tonics
Most skin care products used by estheticians and clients are what formula?
mixtures
In the water purification process sedimentation and filtration is used before adding chlorine to the water, explain these terms
sedimentation- heavy undesirable substances sink to the bottom leaving clean water on top
filtration- water is passed through a porous substance leaving undesirable substances behind
How many ways are there to measure pH and what are they?
pH meter, universal indicator solution, universal indicator paper (3 types)
What is the difference between the process of oxidation and reduction
hint: electrons
oxidation- a substance looses and electron and oxygen is acquired
reduction- a substance gains an electron and oxygen is released
What are two types of exfoliants and give an example of each.
mechanical exfoliant ex: scrub & exfoliating cream
chemical exfoliant ex: enzymes and acids
Name 2 examples of physical sunscreen?
mineral powder
anti-aging cream
children/baby sunscreen
What ingredient maintains microbiological integrity and provides wide-spectrum protection
preservatives
Explain what logarithmic means in terms of the pH scale? How much more acidic is a pH of 3 to a pH of 5?
Logarithmic means each step multiplies by 10. 3 is 1000x more acidic than 5
What is protein and what does it do for the body?
biochemical compounds that help the body construct and renew itself
Name 5 of the 9 total cosmetic product categories.
Example: one is aerosol
mixture, solution, suspension, gel, soap, powder, ointment, emulsion
Ingredients that help hold the product together, provide a base, and contain a preservative system are called?
functional ingredients
What class of ingredients is also known as "buffering agents"
pH Adjusters