Vocabulary
Define Density
Mass of a unit volume of a material substance
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and Gas
Name two example of elements
Hydrogen, helium, lithium, carbon, oxygen, etc.
Atomic numbers of an atom are the same as the number of what in an atom?
Protons
Equation for pressure and what each letter represents
P = F / A where P is pressure, F is force, and A is area
Define pressure
a Continuous phsical force exerted on or against an object by a gas in contact with it.
What is the process called when a solid is changed into a liquid?
Melting
Information that is contained within a square on the Periodic Table
atomic number, element symbol, element name, and atomic mass
The inner part of an atom that contains the proton and the neutron is called the __________.
Nucleus
name of J J Thomson's atomic model
Plum pudding model/ Blueberry muffin model
Define Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons
The process of matter changing from a gas to liquid is called?
Condensation
When two different elements combine, it is called a
Compoound
Name the part of an atom that moves around the nucleus.
Electrons
Electrons move from one of these to another when atoms gain or lose energy
Energy level
Define excited state?
An electron can become excited if it is given extra energy, such as if it absorbs a photon
What happens when energy is added to molecules?
Sr, Mg, I, CI
These particles are located within the nucleus, and have no charge.
Neutrons
The region of space around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found
Orbital
Define Electron Affinity
The amount of energy released when a neutral atom or molecule gains an electron from outside.
What causes matter to change states?
Adding or removing energy from matter.
Not as reactive as the metals in groups one and two, the transition metals contain the most familiar metals like gold and silver and represents these groups.
Groups 3 through 12
Define the octet rule
The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell. When atoms have fewer than eight electrons, they tend to react and form more stable compounds.
How is the Gold foil experiament and what did it prove to us?
Rutherford got gold foil and shot alpha particles at it which let us to discover that the atom consists of a small, massive, positively charged nucleus with the negatively charged electrons being at a great distance from the centre.