Polarity
What is Polarity?
An unequal sharing of electrons in covalent bonds leading to partial charges.
Name one molecular structure.
Linear, Trigonal, Tetrahedral, Pyramidal, Bent
How many valence electrons will you have total for the Lewis Dot structure of SO2?
18 Total
What is the strongest IMF?
Hydrogen bonding.
How do IMFs affect the boiling point of substances?
The ability of a substance to become a gas.
Describe the difference between bond polarity and molecular polarity?
Bond polarity is determined using electronegativity.
Molecular polarity is determined using symmetry.
What is the difference between molecular geometry and electron configuration geometry?
Molecular geometry is the three-dimensional shape of a molecule or the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
Electron configuration geometry is the arrangement of atoms and electrons around the central atom.
What is the Lewis Dot structure for a Carbon atom?
-
- C -
-
What is the strongest IMF that would be present for NH3?
H - Bonds
How do IMFs affect the boiling point of substances?
The stronger the IMF, the higher the boiling point.
Is water polar or nonpolar?
Polar
How do double bonds affect molecular geometry?
They have the same effect as a single bond.
How many unshared electron pairs are there in a Lewis Dot structure for Carbon dioxide?
4
How to determine if Hydrogen bonding is present in a molecule?
If hydrogen is bonded to either Nitrogen, Oxygen, or Fluorine.
How do IMFs affect the surface tension of a substance?
The stronger the IMF is, the higher the surface tension is.
Would O3 be polar or nonpolar?
Polar
What is the molecular geometry of CO2?
Linear
Draw the Lewis dot structure for CH3F.
H
l
H - C - F
l
H
Which has a stronger IMF, H2O(water) or C2H5OH(ethanol)?
Explain...
Water, because you must look at the molecular dipole. Water has a molecular dipole, whereas ethanol does not.
Which will have a high boiling point?
HCl or HF
Explain..
HF because it does hydrogen bonds which is a stronger IMF than HCl's dipole-dipole.
State the values for bond polarity.
Less than 0.4 = Nonpolar
0.5 - 1.6 = Polar
Greater than 1.7 = Ionic
How do lone pairs effect bond angles?
Lone pairs are more repulsive than bonds, creating more repulsion between them and the bonds.
The lines between atoms in a Lewis Dot structure represent what subatomic particle and how many are indicated by a single line?
2 electrons
Which has the stronger IMF, CH2Cl2 or SO3?
CH2Cl2, because it has dipole-dipole forces.
Which will have a lower melting point?
CH4O or HCN
Explain...
HCN will have a lower melting point because it has weaker IMFs and CH4O has a hydrogen bond.